The United States

1. The United States Chapter 6 - Resources and Cities

2. Essential questions for Section 1 • How do our resources relate to our economic success? • Why are transportation and communication key to economic development? • How does respecting individual freedoms encourage economic growth?

3. Largest countries - land area • Russia - 6,601,668 sq/mi • Canada - 3,855,100 sq/ mi • China - 3,747,879 sq/ mi • U.S.A. - 3,717,813 sq/mi • Brazil - 3,287,612 sq/mi • Australia - 2,969,907 sq/mi

4. Largest countries - Population • China -1,347,350,000 • India - 1,210,193,422 • United States - 314,745,000 • Indonesia - 237,641,326 • Brazil - 193,946,886 • Pakistan - 181,192,000

5. GDP versus GNP GDP = Gross Domestic Product GDP is the total value of all goods and services within a country in one year, including foreign companies in the country and excluding domestic companies outside the country. GNP = Gross National Product GNP is the total value of all goods and services within a country in one year, including domestic companies outside the country and excluding foreign companies inside the country.

6. In other words, GDP is the total dollar amount of all the products and services rendered inside a country, regardless of where those companies are based. GNP is the total dollar amount of products and services made by companies from a specific country, regardless of where they are actually located.

7. With the person in front of or behind you, come up with examples of companies based outside the U.S. that we purchase from, and examples of companies based in the U.S. that sell things in other countries.

8. List of Countries by GDP • United States - $14,447,100,000,000 • China - $5,739,358,000,000 • Japan - $5,458,873,000,000 • Germany - $3,280,334,000,000 • France - $2,559,850,000,000 • United Kingdom - $2,253,552,000,000

9. We’re number 1!

10. So how did we get there? • Natural resources • Transportation • Communication • Individual freedoms

11. An abundance of natural resources • Land • Forests • Fossil fuels • Precious metals • Anything else you can think of?

12. Movement • Over water • Steamboats • Canals • Over land • Railroads • Automobiles and Trucks • Interstate highway system • Information • Telegraph • Telecommunications

13. Individual freedoms

14. Individual freedoms • What was Bill Gates free to do when he first started Microsoft? • Own his own business • Hire whoever he wanted • Sell his products anywhere • Create new products and markets

15. Capitalism and Free Enterprise • Aside from the resources and innovations, America was founded with the idea that anyone can make a living however they choose to. • They can own, operate, and profit from their business in an open, competitive market.

16. Answer the Essential Questions with a partner - in 5 minutes! • How do our resources relate to our economic success? • Why are transportation and communication key to economic development? • How does respecting individual freedoms encourage economic growth?

17. Cat pictures!

18. Essential questions for Section 2 • How have cities been changed by innovation in transportation methods? • Why did so many people move south and west? • How do cities interconnect with smaller towns?

19. A changing nation… As the economy grew in the U.S., it also began to change. Over the course of our history, we’ve gone from an agricultural base to an industrial/manufacturing base during the 1800s and 1900s. Most recently, we’ve shifted a service industry base (Education, healthcare, banking, entertainment)

20. As the economy grew in the U.S., it also began to change.

21. The rise of American Cities As the economy shifted away from farming, the jobs moved to the cities, and therefore, so did the people. Today, most of America lives in metropolitan areas (cities and their surrounding suburbs)

22. As mentioned before, transportation changed dramatically in the United States. • We went from relying to natural water ways to man-made rivers called ________ • Opened in 1825 the Erie canal connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River in New York, giving the Midwest easier ocean access. • As a result new cities sprang up with easy access to the canal: Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago.

24. Canal digging = super hard

25. Railroad • From about 1830 to 1860, most American railroads were short, unconnected lines in the Eastern U.S. • In 1862 the transcontinental railroad was initiated to connect Omaha with Sacramento. By the time it was finished, the nation was joined from east to west. • Cities along the line grew as a result.

27. Automobiles • Cars brought incredible freedom of movement. You could go wherever there was a road, much easier than on the railroad or water. • In the 1950s, congress created the interstate roads, which again connected the east to the west for the new transportation mode. • Along with subways, cars allow people to live outside cities and easily travel to them for work and play.

29. Migration • Trains and cars also gave people freedom to move their homes and business to better climates and areas that don’t have winters as severe as the northeast does. • Where would that be?

30. Here or There?

31. Urban Hierarchy Fewest people Most people Fewest services Most Services How are the big cities connected to the small villages or farms?

32. Let’s answer these together, like a family. • How have cities been changed by innovation in transportation methods? • Why did so many people move south and west? • How do cities interconnect with smaller towns?

33. The End