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BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY

BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY. Sternum. Manubrium: Sternal (jugular) notch Clavicular and costal facets Sternal angle (of Louis): Marks location of second ribs. Body of sternum: Sternebrae Xiphoid process. Clavicle: Shape. Sigmoid Convex anteriorly Concave posteriorly.

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BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY

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  1. BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY

  2. Sternum • Manubrium: Sternal (jugular) notch Clavicular and costal facets Sternal angle (of Louis): Marks location of second ribs. • Body of sternum: Sternebrae • Xiphoid process

  3. Clavicle: Shape • Sigmoid • Convex anteriorly • Concave posteriorly

  4. Clavicle: Ligament Attachments • Sternal end of clavicle to first costal cartilage: Costoclavicular ligament • Conoid tubercle: Conoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament • Trapezoid line: Trapezoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament

  5. Clavicle: Muscle Attachments • Deltoid • Pectoralis major • Trapezius • Sternocleidomastoid • Subclavius

  6. Scapula • Crosses ribs 2 through 7 in anatomical position.

  7. Scapula: Posterior Surface • Scapular spine • Supraspinous fossa • Infraspinous fossa • Spinoglenoid notch • Medial (vertebral border) • Superior angle • Inferior angle

  8. Scapula: Anterior Surface • Subscapular fossa • Scapular (suprascapular) notch

  9. Scapula: Coracoid Process • Muscle attachments: Biceps brachii brevis Coracobrachialis Pectoralis minor

  10. Scapular Processes • Acromion process • Glenoid process: Articulation with head of humerus. Supraglenoid tubercle: Biceps brachii longus tendon Infraglenoid tubercle: Triceps longus

  11. Humerus • Anatomical neck • Surgical neck • Head • Medial supracondylar ridge (crest) • Lateral supracondylar ridge (crest) • Medial epicondyle • Lateral epicondyle • Deltoid tuberosity

  12. Humerus: Anterior Surface • Greater tubercle (tuberosity): Superior facet (for supraspinatus muscle) Middle facet (for infraspinatus muscle) Inferior facet (for teres minor muscle) • Lesser tubercle (tuberosity): For subscapularis muscle • Intertubercular groove: For latissimus dorsi muscle

  13. Humerus: Anterior Surface • Crest of greater tubercle (lateral lip): For pectoralis major muscle • Crest of lesser tubercle (medial lip): For teres major muscle • Radial fossa • Coronoid fossa • Capitulum • Trochlea

  14. Humerus: Posterior Surface • Spiral (radial) groove: For radial nerve and deep brachial artery Origin of lateral triceps superior to groove Origin of medial triceps inferior to groove • Olecranon fossa

  15. Radius • Head Articulates with capitulum of humerus Fovea • Neck Just distal to head • Styloid process Distal, lateral process • Articular surface for scaphoid bone • Articular surface for lunate bone

  16. Radius • Ulnar notch At distal end of radius on medial side • Interosseous margin On medial side For attachment of interosseous membrane • Anterior margin • Radial tuberosity (bicipital tuberosity) Insertion for biceps brachii muscle

  17. Radius • Posterior margin • Dorsal tubercle Groove to extensor pollicis longus is lateral. Groove for extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis is medial. • Groove for extensor digitorum and indicis muscles

  18. Ulna • Interosseous margin • Head (distal) • Styloid process Distal, medial • Radial notch At proximal end

  19. Ulna • Trochlear notch: Articulates with trochlea of humerus • Coronoid process • Tuberosity • Anterior border

  20. Ulna • Supinator fossa • Supinator crest • Posterior border • Olecranon process: For insertion of triceps

  21. Carpus • Proximal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Scaphoid: Tubercle of scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform: Sesamoid bone in tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

  22. Carpus • Distal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate: Hook of hamate (hamulus) Carpometacarpal joint (CMC) Metacarpals

  23. Carpus • Metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) • Phalanges Proximal: Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) Middle: Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) Distal:

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