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Covalent Bonding – Lewis Dot Structures

Covalent Bonding – Lewis Dot Structures. Chem -To-Go Lesson 17 Unit 4. Lewis Structures. Lewis Structures. Lewis structures : electron-dot diagrams show how electrons are arranged in molecules (AKA covalent compounds) Diagrams show ONLY valence electrons. Dashes represent “bonding pairs”

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Covalent Bonding – Lewis Dot Structures

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  1. Covalent Bonding – Lewis Dot Structures Chem-To-Go Lesson 17 Unit 4

  2. Lewis Structures

  3. Lewis Structures • Lewis structures: electron-dot diagrams show how electrons are arranged in molecules (AKA covalent compounds) • Diagrams show ONLY valence electrons. • Dashes represent “bonding pairs” • Dots represent “lone pairs” or “nonbonding pairs”. • Brackets and charge signify polyatomic ions.

  4. Example #1: CH4 • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • Remember the H is always terminal. • Place bonding pairs between the C & each H • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

  5. Example #2: NH3 • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • Remember the H is always terminal. • Place bonding pairs between the N & each H • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

  6. EXAMPLE #3: Br2 • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • Two atoms are arranged next to each other. • Place bonding pairs between the two Br atoms • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

  7. Example #4: O2 • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • Two atoms are arranged next to each other. • Place bonding pairs between the two O atoms • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

  8. Example #5: CO2 • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • C should be central with an O on each side. (symmetrical) • Place bonding pairs between the C and each O atom • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

  9. Example #6: CO • Total valence electrons • Bonding pairs • Arrange the atoms • Two atoms are arranged side by side. • Place a bonding pair between the C and O atom • How many pairs remain? • Check for multiple bonds. (Does each atom have 8 valence electrons?)

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