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Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes

Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes. Key Messages In the absence of evidence for interventions to prevent or delay type 1 diabetes, screening for type 1 diabetes is not recommended.

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Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes

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  1. Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes Key Messages • In the absence of evidence for interventions to prevent or delay type 1 diabetes, screening for type 1 diabetes is not recommended. • Screening for type 2 diabetes using a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) should be performed every 3 years in individuals ≥40 years of age. • While the FPG is the recommended screening test, a 2-hour plasma glucose in a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test is indicated when the FPG is 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L and may be indicated when FPG is 5.6 to 6.0 mmol/L and suspicion of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance is high (e.g. for individuals with risk factors).

  2. Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes 2008 CPG Recommendations • All individuals should be evaluated annually for type 2 diabetes risk on the basis of demographic and clinical criteria [Grade D, Consensus]. • Screening for diabetes using an FPG should be performed every 3 years in individuals ≥40 years of age [Grade D, Consensus]. More frequent and/or earlier testing with either an FPG or a 2hPG in a 75-g OGTT should be considered in people with additional risk factors for diabetes [Grade D, Consensus].

  3. Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include: • First-degree relative with type 2 diabetes • Member of high-risk population (e.g. people of • Aboriginal, Hispanic, Asian, South Asian or African • descent) • History of IGT or IFG • Presence of complications associated with diabetes • Vascular disease (coronary, cerebrovascular or • peripheral) • History of gestational diabetes mellitus • History of delivery of a macrosomic infant

  4. Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes Risk factors for type 2 diabetes also include: • Hypertension • Dyslipidemia • Overweight • Abdominal obesity • Polycystic ovary syndrome • Acanthosis nigricans • Schizophrenia • Additional risk factors listed in Appendix 1

  5. Screening for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes 2008 CPG Recommendations • Testing with a 2hPG in a 75-g OGTT should be undertaken in individuals with an FPG of 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L in order to identify individuals with IGT or diabetes [Grade D, Consensus]. • Testing with a 2hPG in a 75-g OGTT may be undertaken in individuals with an FPG of 5.6 to 6.0 mmol/L and ≥ 1 risk factors in order to identify individuals with IGT or diabetes [Grade D, Consensus].

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