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Motion, Speed & Velocity

Motion, Speed & Velocity. Mr. Hollander’s Science Class. What is Motion???. Look around…what is in motion around you? Air particles moving Earth circling the sun Blood traveling in your veins Motion is an object’s change in position relative to a reference point

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Motion, Speed & Velocity

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  1. Motion, Speed & Velocity Mr. Hollander’s Science Class

  2. What is Motion??? • Look around…what is in motion around you? • Air particles moving • Earth circling the sun • Blood traveling in your veins • Motion is an object’s change in position relative to a reference point • Motion can be described through directions like north, south, east, west, left, up, etc.

  3. Reference Points & Motion • Reference points can be nonmoving objects • Earth’s surface • Tree • Building • Reference points can be moving objects too • Two cars driving at one another • A football being thrown to a wide receiver

  4. Speed…How Fast or Slow Motion Happens!!! • Speed is the distance traveled by an object divided by the time taken to travel that distance • It is related to motion because it explains how fast or slow something is moving based on the reference point used to determine motion is taking place • Speed is usually measured as meters per second (m/s) • Other measures include km/h, ft/s, and mph.

  5. Average Speed • Most of the time, objects do not travel at a constant speed • Example: In a car you stop and go, obey different speed limits, traffic… • Average speed allows for a calculation to take place in order to some up the general distance and time covered through motion • Ave. Speed = Total Distance Total Time • Speed can be easily graphed as distance versus time

  6. Calculating Speed • Kira jogs to a store 10 miles from her apartment. It takes her 2 hours to do so. What is her average speed? • An airplane traveling from Cincinnati to Baltimore travels 800 km in 2 hours. What is the airplane’s average speed? • Read the following problems and answer what the average speed would be for each. • Michael Phelps swims 100 meters in 50 seconds. What is his average speed?

  7. Direction Matters: Velocity & Acceleration Velocity Acceleration Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes over time An object is said to accelerate if its speed, direction, or both change. Positive acceleration is an increase in velocity Negative acceleration is a decrease in velocity • Velocity is the speed of an object in a particular direction • It is very important that you always include a direction • Ex: Speed is 5 mph, but Velocity is 5 mph South • Constant velocity takes place in a straight line, but if speed or direction change, so does velocity

  8. So What is Acceleration Again?? Lets Talk About It… • Look at the following situations. Did acceleration occur and why? • A boy is riding a bike at 10 km/h. A minute later he is at 5 km/h. • You ride your bike around the block at a constant speed of 15 km/h. • You ride in a straight line at 10 km/h.

  9. Summing It All Up!!! An object is in motion if it changes position over time in relation to a reference point. Speed is the distance traveled by an object divided by the time the object takes to travel that distance Speed can be represented on a graph of distance versus time Velocity is the speed in a given direction Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes

  10. The End!!!

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