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Cellular Respiration

Learn about cellular respiration, the process by which glucose molecules are broken down to release energy in all living cells. This article explains the three stages of cellular respiration and compares it to photosynthesis. Find out where it occurs and how it produces ATP.

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration

  2. What is Cellular Respiration? • Step-by-step breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy • Produce ATP • Takes place day and night in ALL LIVING CELLS

  3. Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

  4. Where does it occur? • In the Cell • Mitochondria

  5. Cellular Respiration3 Stages • 3 Stages: • Stage 1: Glycolysis • O2 not required (anaerobic) • Stage 2: Krebs Cycle • O2 required (aerobic) • Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain • O2 required (aerobic) 2 ATPs 2 ATPs 32 ATPs

  6. products reactants GLYCOLYSIS glucose 2 ATP Insert 1 Glucose 2 energy tokens 2 NADH GLYCOLYSIS cytosol mitochondrion (ATP) glucose derivatives - carbon dioxide 2 NADH 2 energy tokens carbon dioxide - KREBS CYCLE KREBS CYCLE 6 NADH - - 2 ATP 2 FADH2 - 32 energy tokens - - ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - 32 ATP Oxygen Water

  7. 1. Aerobic Occurs in the presence of oxygen Breaks down glucose completely Releases large amounts energy 36 ATP Types of Cellular Respiration

  8. Types of Cellular Respiration • 2. Anaerobic • Occurs when there is no oxygen available • Partially breaks down glucose • Releases very small amount of energy • 2 ATP

  9. Fermentation • Anaerobic process that follows Glycolysis when there is NO OXYGEN • Provides a means to continue producing ATP until Oxygen is available • Does NOT produce and additional ATP • JUST keeps GLYCOLYSIS going over & over

  10. GLUCOSE 2 ATP Glycolysis Fermentation (anaerobic) Aerobic Respiration Krebs Cycle ATP Electron Transport Chain ATP

  11. Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in animal muscle cells Produces Lactic Acid as waste Only oxygen can get rid of lactic acid Fermentation

  12. Fermentation • Alcoholic Fermentation • Plants, Yeast & Bacteria • Ethyl alcohol is produced as waste-product • Basis of wine & beer industry • Bread making (rise)

  13. Respiration vs. Photosynthesis Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2

  14. PHOTOSYNTHESIS • The process by which light energy is used to make simple sugars (glucose) • Producers/Autotrophs the type of organisms that perform photosynthesis

  15. Photosynthesis Equation Light Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 aka SUN + Carbon Dioxide + Water  Glucose + Oxygen

  16. Starting Materials • Carbon obtained from carbon dioxide taken in from air • Light  from SUN • Water  absorbed through roots

  17. PRODUCTS • Glucose C6H12O6 used for energy • Oxygen released into atmosphere as waste

  18. TWO STAGES • Light Dependent Reactions 1. Requires sunlight 2. Traps light energy in chlorophyll 3. Forms ATP

  19. TWO STAGES B. Calvin Cycle 1. Does NOT require sunlight 2. Glucose is made using ATP from 1st stage

  20. Plant Cell Structure • Chloroplast – organelle in plant cell, site of photosynthesis

  21. Plant Cell Structure • Chlorophyll- pigment in chloroplast that absorbs ALL but green light

  22. Microscopic view of plant cells

  23. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

  24. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

  25. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

  26. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

  27. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

  28. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

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