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Health and Climate Change in Mozambique

This presentation by Dr. Maria Hauengue from the Department of Environmental Health in the Government of Mozambique discusses the impact of climate change on health and the lessons learned from implementing adaptation projects in Mozambique. It highlights the increase in diseases, such as floods and cyclones, and their effects on the environment. The presentation also focuses on the health situation in the five flood-affected provinces and the immediate responses implemented to address the emergency situation. It concludes with strategies and lessons learned for future adaptation efforts.

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Health and Climate Change in Mozambique

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  1. Health and Climate Change in Mozambique Presented by: Dr. Maria HauengueDepartment of Environmental HealthGovernment of Mozambique 24 April 2007 Early Lessons from Implementation of Climate Change Adaptation Projects in South-eastern Africa Workshop

  2. Tanzania Cabo Delgabo Malawi Miassa Zambia Nampula TeTe Zambezia Sofala Zimbabwe Manica Gaza Inhambane South Africa Maputo Maputo Swaziland BACKGROUND Size: 799380km2, 2470 km Coast Pop: 15774000, 47% : 53% M/F 77% Rural : 23% Urban 45% <= 15 yrs 10% >50 yrs Health indicators: Birth rate : 46.1 per 1000 Life expectancy : 45.5 years Mortality rate : 18.0 per 1000 Infant mortality rate : 127.7 per 1000 Maternal mortality : ~ 1.000 per 100.000

  3. HEALTH SYSTEM: Damaged/ Destroyed.. INCREASE OF DISEASE FLOOD & CYCLONES IMPACT ENVIRONMENT: Poor sanitation Conditions..

  4. FLOOD´s IMPACT

  5. FIVE FLOOD AFFECTED PROVINCES Cabo Delgabo Cabo Delgabo Miassa Miassa Sofala Manica: Affected population: Health Cent.: % Number of affected Staff: Nampula Nampula TeTe Sofala: Affected population: Health Cent.: % Number of affected Staff: Zambezia Zambezia Gaza: Affected population: Health Cent.: % Number of affected Staff: Sofala Manica Inhambane: Affected population: Health Cent.: % Number of affected Staff: Gaza Inhambane Maputo: Affected population: Health Cent.: % Number of affected Staff: Maputo

  6. The health situation criteria • Number of people affected at the assembling points • Time that these people saty in accomodation centers • Infrastructure, health conditions of the aco.centers • Levels of organisation, prevention and control measures established

  7. Diseases • Malaria • Cholera • Other diseases (diarrhea, conjuctivitis and skin infections)

  8. Weekly Cholera incidence Mozambique - 2000

  9. Cholera by affected Provinces Mozambique - 2000 8 288 131 C.Maputo 2 203 20 P.Maputo Gaza 204 10 PROVÍNCIAS 59 5 Inhambane 3 256 18 sofala 142 2 Manica 381 13 Tete 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 CASOS Series1 Series2

  10. Weekly Cholera incidence Maputo City - 2000

  11. Weekly Cholera incidence In Sofala Province - 2000

  12. WEEKLY CHOLERA INCIDENCE IN MAPUTO PROVINCE - 2000

  13. Immediate Responses

  14. AIM OF ACTIVITIES ON THE HEALTH SECTOR • Increase the capacity of the health sector to respond to the emergency situation. • Prevent and treat outbreaks, namely cholera, meningitis and measles, among others. • Treat on time cases of malaria among people affected by floods so as to avoid outbreaks.

  15. AIM (cont.) • Treat acute respiratory diseases; • Prevent vaccine- preventable diseases such as meningitis, and measles; • Prevent and treat malnutrition among children, pregnant and breast-feeding women; • Respond to the needs of women in reproductive health

  16. Framework for Public Health interventions 3: Initial rehabilitation 2: Immediate Reaction (up to 6 months) 1: Assessment • Reinforcement of Health System: • . Essential Infrastructure • rehabilitation • . Drug and medical supplies, • . Staff issues: • Training • Redeployment • Hiring new staff • Consultants • Other supplies including • vehicles • Contingency Plan for major diseases, conditions and specific groups: • Malaria • Cholera • ARI • Sanitation • Malnutrition • Women (RPH) • MST/AIDS • Mental Health • Immunization • IEC ... • 1. Rapid Assessment : • To determine the extend of damage to the Health system and its capacity to respond to the crisis • To identify urgent measures for prevention and treatment of IDPs • 2. Reinforcement or development (in camps) of the Surveillance System : • To increase the reporting system of keys diseases : Cholera, Malaria, Malnutrition • (Communication using Pactors system)

  17. STRATEGIES ADOPTED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF EPIDEMIC CONTROL

  18. Strategies • Reinforce malaria treatment in the affected areas; • Vaccination campaigns against mrningities and measles in the affected areas; • Chlorinating of water in accomodation centers, as well as construction of latrines; • Health education campaigns

  19. Strategies • Health education campaigns • Production and disseminantion of guidelines in order to dispose of the solid and liquid residuals • Pressure on relevant institutions to solve problems of hygiene and environment

  20. LESSONS LEARNT • Adaptation as a key issue for the present; • Strengthen institutions; • Involve those at risk; • Use sector-based approaches; • Expand information, awareness and technical knowledge; • Adaptation compared to development

  21. Lessons Learnt (Cont.) • International financial assistance is necessary; • Adaptation is context-specific; • The importance of the level of decision making • Better coordination and people’s motivation; • Try to remove the obstacles ASAP

  22. THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND SUPPORT…

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