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THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS and THE END OF WORLD WAR II

THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS and THE END OF WORLD WAR II. AUGUST – SEPTEMBER, 1945. QUIZ, pp. 749-53. The scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project was named __?__ The first successful detonation of an atomic weapon was held in what U.S. state?

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THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS and THE END OF WORLD WAR II

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  1. THE ATOMIC BOMBINGSand THE END OF WORLD WAR II AUGUST – SEPTEMBER, 1945

  2. QUIZ, pp. 749-53 The scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project was named __?__ The first successful detonation of an atomic weapon was held in what U.S. state? Who was U.S. President when the first successful detonation took place? The two atomic bombs were nicknamed __?__ and __?__. The airplane that dropped the first atomic bomb was nicknamed __?__. What two Japanese cities were attacked with atomic bombs? Which one was attacked first? The 1945 Yalta Conference laid the foundation for an international peace-keeping organization called the __?__ Nazi war criminals were prosecuted in the __?__ trials. What nations occupied Germany after WWII?

  3. The End of the War • Japan Loses Ground: Why? • U.S. submarine campaign • Massive U.S. bombing campaign • Heavy battlefield casualties • Desperate measures: • “Kamikaze” (Define) campaign • “No surrender” on battlefield • Homeland defense training • U.S. Closes in: How will the war End?

  4. The Atomic Bomb • When? • 1942 -1945 • Where? • Oak Ridge, Tennessee • Los Alamos, New Mexico • Codename: The Manhattan Project • Who? • Gen. Leslie Groves • J. Robert Oppenheimer • The First Test: • July 16, 1945 • Trinity Site, Alamogordo, New Mexico • Success

  5. THE MANHATTAN PROJECT

  6. TRINITY TEST SITE TOWER

  7. TRINITY TEST, JULY 16, 1945

  8. DETONATION SEQUENCE

  9. 10 SEC. AFTER DETONATION

  10. DETONATION – FROM DISTANCE

  11. To Bomb Or Not To Bomb • Why drop the bomb? • Prevent an invasion of Japan • Prevent the risk of massive casualties • End the war more quickly • Why Not? • Is it ethical? • Do we really need to? • Do we understand the long-term effects? • What do YOU think?

  12. THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS • When? • August 6, 1945: Hiroshima • August 9, 1945: Nagasaki • Effect? Describe: • Result? Sept. 2, 1945 – Japan Surrenders • World War II Ends

  13. TIBBETS & SWEENY

  14. Major Charles Sweeny, U.S. Army A.F., Lead Pilot, Nagasaki Mission

  15. NAGASAKI BOMBER B-29 SUPERFORTRESS “BOCKS CAR”

  16. AERIAL VIEW - NAGASAKI BEFORE BOMBING

  17. AERIAL VIEW – NAGASAKI AFTER BOMBING

  18. NAGASAKI BOMBING AUGUST 9th, 1945

  19. “LITTLE BOY” ATOMIC BOMB

  20. “FAT MAN” ATOMIC BOMB

  21. TYPES OF ATOM BOMBS • Hiroshima “Gun” Bomb • Nagasaki “Implosion” Bomb

  22. ATOMIC BOMB FIGURES • WW II ATOMIC BOMBS: • 1000 TONS OF TNT = 1 “KILOTON” • WW II BOMBS = 13,000 TONS = 13 KILOTONS • 1952 “HYDROGEN” BOMB: • 1 MIL. TONS OF TNT = 1 “MEGATON” • HYDROGEN BOMB = 3 MIL. TONS OF TNT = 3 MEGATONS • 1955: U.S. HAD 30,000+ MEGATONS OF NUCLEAR WEAPONRY • ALL EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE USED BY ALL NATIONS IN WWII ADDED TOGETHER = 1.2 MEGATONS

  23. HIROSHIMA – AFTER BOMBING

  24. HIROSHIMA “SHADOW”

  25. NAGASAKI AFTERMATH

  26. JAPANESE URBAN TARGETS

  27. NAGASAKI BLAST RADIUS

  28. NAGASAKI BOMB CASUALTIES • DISTANCE FROM GROUND ZERO (KM): • 0-1.0 km: 88% Killed, 6% Injured, Pop.: 30,900 • 1.0-2.5 km: 34% Killed, 29% Injured, Pop.: 27,700 • 2.5-5.0 km: 11% Killed, 10% Injured, Pop.: 115,200 • TOTAL: 22% Killed, 12% Injured,Pop.: 173,800

  29. ATOMIC BOMB CASUALTIES

  30. BOMBING EFFECTS ON JAPAN

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