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I. The Nature of Solutions

Solutions. I. The Nature of Solutions. A. Definitions. Solution - homogeneous mixture. Solute - substance being dissolved. Solvent - present in greater amount. A. Definitions. unsaturated solution - If the amount of solute dissolved is less than the maximum that could be dissolved

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I. The Nature of Solutions

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  1. Solutions I. The Nature of Solutions

  2. A. Definitions • Solution - homogeneous mixture Solute - substance being dissolved Solvent - present in greater amount

  3. A. Definitions • unsaturated solution - If the amount of solute dissolved is less than the maximum that could be dissolved • saturated solution - solution which holds the maximum amount of solute per amount of the solution under the given conditions • supersaturated solution - solutions that contain more solute than the usual maximum amount and are unstable.

  4. A. Definitions • Electrolyte – solution that conducts an electric current • Non electrolyte – solution that does not conduct an electric current

  5. NONPOLAR NONPOLAR POLAR POLAR B. Solvation “Like Dissolves Like”

  6. UNSATURATED SOLUTION more solute dissolves SATURATED SOLUTION no more solute dissolves SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION becomes unstable, crystals form C. Solubility concentration

  7. C. Solubility • Solubility • maximum grams of solute that will dissolve in 100 g of solvent at a given temperature • varies with temperature

  8. C. Solubility • Solubility Curve • shows the dependence of solubility on temperature

  9. Reading Solubility Graphs According to the graph above, about how many grams of KBr are needed to make a saturated solution in 100 g of water at 30° C? 70 grams KBr

  10. Reading Solubility Graphs According to the graph above, what kind of solution would you have if you dissolved 10 g of KCl in 100 g of water at 0°C? Unsaturated

  11. D. Increasing the Rate of Solution • Agitation • Increasing Temperature • Increasing Surface Area

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