Programmable Biofeedback Chest Exerciser

1. Programmable Biofeedback Chest Exerciser Group 23: Eileen Bock, Lauren Cassell, Margaret Gipson, Laurie McAlexander Advisors: Douglas Sawyer, M.D., Ph.D. Paul King, Ph.D. John Newman, M.D.

2. Heart Failure and Its Treatment • Pathology • Heart doesn’t pump nutrients to tissues efficiently • Heart can’t develop pressure to eject needed stroke volume • Statistics • Affects 5 million Americans • 50% mortality rate within 4 years of diagnosis • Benefits of exercise as treatment • Improves vascular function • Improves muscle function • Reduces arrythmia risk • Benefits of deep breathing as • exercise • Targets muscles of chest wall • Not as difficult for patients

3. Current Devices • Incentive Spirometer • Problems: • Must be stationary during use • Large, awkward shape • Pneumotrace • Problems: • Must be lying down for use • Very complex device

4. Current Devices • RESPeRATE • Problems: • Must wear headphones • Must carry additional device • VivoMetrics LifeShirt • Problems: • Large Device • Uncomfortable to wear • Very conspicuous

5. Our Solutions • Will be small • Can be worn inconspicuously under clothing • Can be worn during daily activities • Will be incorporated into a PDA

6. Applications • Daily Wear • Measure breathing rate • Measure patient’s compliance with pre-programmed breathing exercises • Exercise Wear • Measure breathing rate • Indicate when the user reaches a proper range for beneficial aerobic activity

7. Approach • Bridge • Differential amplifier • Bend Sensor • Voltage threshold detector Rs/R2=R3/R1

8. Needed components: Adjustable inelastic band Elastic section Strain gauge/bend sensor PDA for digital output DAQ system Motor for vibration Acquired components: Voltage source Low power Operational Amplifier Design

9. Testing Part 2 • Previous 10 subjects will return and wear device for 3 hours • Subject survey Part 1 • 10 subjects wear the device for 1 hour each • Subject will perform breathing exercises and various common activities • Subject survey

10. Testing Part 3 • Clinical testing: requires another IRB protocol submission • 2 control groups, 1 experimental group • Measure improvement of negative inspiratory force with incentive spirometer

11. Determine relationship between chest circumference and lung volume Determine the output voltage of the device during a normal and a deep breath Measurements used to adjust resistor ratings and gain Tidal Volume Experiments

12. Expected Results • Output voltage correlates to lung volume • Deep breath threshold will correspond to a given output voltage • If threshold not reach in a predetermined time period, alarm will sound • Expect that the use of this device will increase lung capacity and force of expiration from lungs

13. Resources • REST1 Impedance Pmeumograph by UFI. http://www.ufiservingscience.com/ DSRsp11.html • "How to Use an Incentive Spirometer". The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. <http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/0200/0239.asp?index= 4302& src=news>. • "Anaesthesia Products," Lifeline Systems Pvt. Ltd. <http://www.lifelinedelhi.com/ catheter-mount.html> • "RESPeRATE High Blood Pressure and Hypertension." Buyamag. <http://www.buyamag.com/high_blood_pressure_hypertension.php>. • "Smart textiles at Hightex 2005". Hightex 2005. <http://www.hightex2005.com/smart_textiles.htm>. • “Learning to Whistle”. November 2005. <http://learningtowhistle.blogspot.com/2005_11_01_learningtowhistle_archive.html>. • http://www.answers.com/topic/lung