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Human Nutrition

Human Nutrition. Food Security. FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization (UN): Condition in which people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food Access refers to economic, social, and physical availability of food

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Human Nutrition

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  1. Human Nutrition

  2. Food Security FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization (UN): • Condition in which people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food • Access refers to economic, social, and physical availability of food • Food Insecurity: condition in which people have inadequate access to food

  3. Food Security • Famine: food insecurity is so extreme that large numbers of deaths occur in a given area over a short period of time • One agency: famine as an event if more than 5 deaths per 10,000 due to lack of food • Famines result from crop failure, drought, social/political causes

  4. Food Security • Vitamin deficiencies are also harmful globally • WHO: estimates > 250,000 children worldwide become blind due to vitamin A deficiency • Anemia (iron deficiency) affects 3 billion people (WHO)

  5. Food Security • Grains make up vast majority of human diet (corn, wheat, rice) estimate = 60% • Meat is second largest component • Meat consumption increases with income

  6. Reasons for Undernutritionand Malnutrition Currently, world’s farmers grow enough grain to feed 8 billion • Poverty: lack of resources to access food • Political and economic factors (ex. – refugees) • Poor governance and political unrest can lead to inadequate food supplies • Diversion of food to feed livestock

  7. Energy Subsidy Energy input per calorie of food produced • Example: If we use 5 Calories of energy to produce food, and we receive 1 Calorie when we eat that food, the food has an energy subsidy of 5 • It takes 20 kg of grain to produce 1 kg of beef. It takes 2.8 kg to produce 1 kg of chicken meat. Compare the energy subsidies.

  8. Energy Subsidy

  9. Energy Expenditure in Food

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