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Brucellosis

Brucellosis. Group 5. Brucella canis. Gram – ve coccobacilli or short rod 1981’s prevalence in Malaysia: 1.8% Klang Valley prevalence (2006): 5%. Transmission in Dogs. Ingestion Contact through mucous membrane or broken skin Aerosol transmission Venereal transmission.

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Brucellosis

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  1. Brucellosis Group 5

  2. Brucellacanis • Gram –vecoccobacilli or short rod • 1981’s prevalence in Malaysia: 1.8% • Klang Valley prevalence (2006): 5%

  3. Transmission in Dogs • Ingestion • Contact through mucous membrane or broken skin • Aerosol transmission • Venereal transmission

  4. Clinical Signs • Embryonic death • Stillbirth • Abortion • Prostatitis • Epididymitis • Lymphadenitis • Splenitis

  5. Transmission to Human

  6. Acute Human Brucellosis • Non-specific and flu-like • Fever, headache, depression, malaise, night sweats, chills, sexual impotence, constipation, fatigue and joint pain

  7. Chronic Human Brucellosis • Chronic fatigue syndrome • Depression • Arthritis

  8. Diagnosis

  9. Treatment for Infected Dogs • Dihydrostreptomycin (10mg/kg IM bid) 7 days together with tetracycline (25mg/kg PO tid) which continue for 4 weeks. During the last 7 days of tetracycline therapy, streptomycin is again given

  10. Treatment for Human • Usually respond rapidly to antibiotics • Tetracycline or tetracycline+streptomycin

  11. Control and Prevention • Sanitation and removal of infected dogs • Repeated testing and removal of seropositive or culture-positive animals • Quarantine and testing newly added dogs • Neuter

  12. Thank You!

  13. Incubation Period • Variable • From 2 weeks to several months • Serologically positive within 8-12 weeks post-infection

  14. Undulant Phase • Occurs within one year of onset • Recurrent fever, arthritis, orchitis, epididymitis, hepatitis, lymphadenitis,eye problem, breast abscesses, pneumonia, endocarditis, thrmboembolism, meningitis

  15. Diagnosis • Serology • Tube agglutination test (TAT) • Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) • Rapid slide agglutination test (RSAT) • Agar gel immunodiffusion • Blood culture • Pathology and culture of tissues

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