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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Current. Objectives After completing this chapter, the student should be able to: State the two laws of electrostatic charges. Define coulomb. Identify the the unit used to measure current flow. Define the relationship of amperes, coulombs, and time through a formula.

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 Current

  2. Objectives • After completing this chapter, the student should be able to: • State the two laws of electrostatic charges. • Define coulomb. • Identify the the unit used to measure current flow. • Define the relationship of amperes, coulombs, and time through a formula.

  3. Describe how current flows in a circuit • Describe how electrons travel in a conductor. • Define and use scientific notation. • Identify commonly used prefixes for powers of ten.

  4. First law of electrostatic charges • Like charges repel each other. • Second law of electrostatic charges • Unlike charges attract each other. • Coulomb (C) • Unit adopted for measuring charges. • 6,240,000,000,000,000,000 electrons or • 6.24 x 1018.

  5. Current • The drift of electrons from an area of negative charge to an area of positive charge. • Ampere (A) • The amount of current in a conductor when one coulomb of charge moves past a point in one second.

  6. The relationship between amperes and coulombs per second can be expressed as: • I = current measured in amperes. • Q = quantity of electrical charge in coulombs. • t = time in seconds.

  7. Hole • The movement of an electron from one atom to the next, creating the appearance of a positive charge moving in the opposite direction.

  8. Voltage source • Supplies electrons from one end of the conductor. • Removes electrons from the other end of the conductor. • Can be thought of as a kind of pump.

  9. Scientific notation • means of using single-digit numbers plus powers of 10 to express large and small numbers. • 3000 = 3 x 103 • .000003 = 3 x 10-6

  10. Milliampere (mA) • Used more frequently than ampere. • Equal to 1/1000 of an ampere or .001 A. • Microampere (A) • Used more frequently than ampere. • Equal to 1/1,000,000 of an ampere or 0.000001 A.

  11. In Summary • Laws of electrostatic charges • Coulomb • Electric current • Ampere • Relationship between current, electrical charge, and time formula • Hole movement

  12. Scientific notation • Negative exponent • Positive exponent • Milli prefix • Micro prefix

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