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Thesis Topics Prof. C.-P. Chang. Tropical and Monsoon Meteorology. Focus on the area of Indian Ocean-Asia-Australia-Pacific All topics on Weather and Climate in this area (all spatial and time scales) Data Analysis (NWP analysis, satellite data) General Circulation Model Simulation.
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Thesis TopicsProf. C.-P. Chang Tropical and Monsoon Meteorology • Focus on the area of Indian Ocean-Asia-Australia-Pacific • All topics on Weather and Climate in this area(all spatial and time scales) • Data Analysis (NWP analysis, satellite data) • General Circulation Model Simulation
Current Focuses • East Asian Summer Monsoon (Meiyu weather system in China/Japan/Korea and vicinity • East Asian Winter Monsoon, particularly on Maritime Continent Rainfall (Local, seasonal and climate variations of rainfall over Malaysia/Indonesia and vicinity) • Equatorial Tropical Cyclones
Onset of phased Monsoon rainbelt SCS Monsoon Onset Convective systems MJO East Asian Summer Monsoon Subtropical High
Cold Surges Subtropical High Convectivesystems MJO East Asian Winter Monsoon
Equatorial TC: Typhoon Vamei 2001center at 1.5N, lowest latitude record GMS V 12/27/2001 0232 UTC 5N 5N KUALA LUMPUR BORNEO ISLAND SINGAPORE EQ EQ SUMATRA ISLAND 105E 110E Chang et al 2003, See Poster outside R251
Reason: Coriolis effect needed for initial spin-up No TC Formation at the Equator? • A classic formation criterion: 5 degrees away from equator (e.g., Gray, 1968, Anthes, 1982) • The lowest latitude of previously recorded development: Typhoon Sarah in 1956 (3.3°N)
NOGAPS850hPa Wind and Vorticity (red+,green -)
QuikSCAT Winds 12N 12/26/2001 22:32 UTC 10N 8N 6N MALAYPENNINSULA 4N 2N + BORNEO ISLAND EQ SUMATRA ISLAND 2S 102E 104E 106E 108E 110E 112E
Topic on Equatorial Tropical Cyclone • Will more frequent development be observed with increased remote sensing? • Can equatorial formation occur elsewhere? (Surges are strongest in the South China Sea). • Mechanism of development.
Approach – Analyze recently observed equatorial vortices: • NWP gridded data: NOGAPS, NCEP, ECMWF • Scatterometer Ocean surface winds: QuikSTAT • Satellite Data: Hourly IR, MODIS images, TRMM PR
EQ EQ 60E Typhoon Agni 2004
NOGAP 1000 hPa Wind EQ EQ 70E