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Exploring the World of DNA: Discovering Its Structure and Components

Delve into the fascinating world of DNA by exploring its shape, composition, and significance in cells. Unravel the mysteries of nucleic acids, nucleotides, and the double helix structure through engaging activities and educational resources.

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Exploring the World of DNA: Discovering Its Structure and Components

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  1. Warm Up:Take out homework.What is the shape of DNA?Where is DNA found in cells?What is the monomer (building block) of nucleic acids (macromolecule)? • Homework:Complete DNA completion worksheet (only side 1) http://ed.ted.com/lessons/dna-the-book-of-you-joe-hanson

  2. Nucleic Acids These macromolecules carry the secret of the gene.

  3. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid

  4. Nucleotides are the monomers that make up Nucleic Acids. The 5-carbon sugar may be different in other nucleic acids. The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.

  5. DNA NUCLEOTIDE 3 PARTS: • Sugar Molecule – deoxyribose • Phosphate Group – phosphorous(P) and oxygen (O) • Nitrogen Base – adenine(A), cytosine(C), guanine(G), and thymine(T)

  6. The Nitrogenous bases make each DNA nucleotide different

  7. Circle 1 nucleotide...

  8. DNA strands are complementary to each other. • One strand can be a “template” to find the code of the other, but they are NOT identical • Which bases are complements? • Chargaff’s Rules of Base Pairing

  9. “Sugar-phosphate backbone”The phosphate of one nucleotide is bonded to the sugar of the next.HYDROGEN BONDS!!!

  10. Draw the complementary strand of the following DNA template.

  11. A Twisted Ladder The Double Helix: • Complementary strands are held together by hydrogen bonds

  12. Write answers on whiteboards: • Draw and label the monomer of a Nucleic Acid. • What makes each nucleotide different? Name the 4 nucleotides. • Identify the complementary base pairs • What is the “bond” that holds the complementary DNA strands together? • What molecules make up the “backbone” of DNA?

  13. Brain Pop!!

  14. Build a model of DNA • Make 9 base pairs!!! • Blue tubes = cytosine • Yellow tubes = guanine • Green tubes = thymine • Orange tubes = adenine • White tubes = phosphates • White rods = hydrogen bonds • Purple or black pentagons = deoxyribose (sugar)

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