16. COMEDY

1. 16. COMEDY • Definition: A story that ends happily. NOT NECESSARILY FUNNY. • Example: Kung Fu Panda 2 • Memorization Tip: THINK about smiling after something funny….think smiling because you’re happy… HAPPILY EVER AFTER.

2. 17. COMIC RELIEF • Definition: Comic scene or event that breaks up a serious play or narrative. • Example: FINDING NEMO = when things get serious, Dory makes a joke to provide COMIC RELIEF  • Memorization Tip: A comedian makes you laugh… to relieve you of stress.

3. 18. CONFLICT • Definition: struggle or clash between opposing characters or opposing forces. • Example: Harry Potter vs. Voldemort • Memorization Tip: Conflict rhymes with convict Imagine if a convict moved in with you…how would that cause CONFLICT? He steals your toothbrush! And your cereal?!?!?!? And dates your mom!?!?!? NOOOOOO!!!

4. Language Activity # 5 Denotation of bad : _______________________________________ Positive ConnotationNegative Connotation 1. 1.__________________ 2.___________________2.__________________ 3.___________________3.__________________

5. 19. CONNOTATION • Definition: all the meanings, associations, or emotions that have come to be attached to some words, in addition to their literal dictionary definitions, or denotations. • Connotation • Think nation • What do people think or feel about America?

6. 20. COUPLET • Definition:two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme • 2 Lines that Rhyme = a Couple  • So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

7. 21. DESCRIPTION • Definition: type of writing intended to create a mood or emotion or to re-create a person, a place, a thing, an event, or an experience. • Author DESCRIBES as if you, the reader, were there!!!

8. 22. DIALECT • Definition : way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or a particular group of people • DIAL the telephone = hear people talking = people talking from different areas. • Huntington Beach: Hey dude, what’s up bro. • Southern: Ain’t your mama ever taught you nothin? • Louisiana: New Orleans = Nawlins

9. 23. DIALOGUE • Definition : way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or a particular group of people • Conversation between 2 + people • Ms. Tran: Will you guys please study for the CSTs? • Class: Of course! Whatever you wish, Ms. Tran! I appreciate all of your hard work and time put into helping us study so hard! You’re the best ever! • Ms. Tran: I love you, period __.

10. 24.DICTION • Definition : a writer’s or speaker’s choice of words (it is an essential element of a write’s style) • Think DICTIONary….what do you find? WORDS!!!! • Writer’s choice of WORDS!!!

11. 25. DRAMA • Definition : story that is written to be acted for an audience • Story meant to be acted for an audience. • We are reading Romeo and Juliet, but it is supposed to be seen as a play.

12. 26. DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE • Definition : a poem in which a speaker addresses one or more silent listeners, often reflecting on a specific problem or situation • Poem “From Mother to Son” • Mother speaks to son through the poem • Poem is directed to the son • The son = silent listener (never says anything)

13. 27. EPIC • Definition: long story told in elevated language (usually poetry), which relates the great deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of a particular society • EPIC!!! WOW!!! LONG STORY!!! (about great deeds of a hero) • ODYSSEY = GREEK HERO ODYSSEUS’ QUEST

14. 28. EPITHET • Definition: adjective or descriptive phrase that is regularly used to characterize a person, place, or thing • Think Epithet – het- HAT • Abraham Lincoln wore a top HAT • “Honest Abe” –descriptive phrase for him.

15. 29. ESSAY • Definition: short piece of nonfiction that examines a single subject from a limited point of view • YOU WRITE THESE IN CLASS! • PERSONAL = free write, informal *quick writes, casual responses, journals • FORMAL = serious, academic language *literary analysis, response to literature, etc.

16. 30.EXPOSITION • Definition: type of writing that explains, gives information, defines, or clarifies an idea • EXPO = EXPLAIN = Writing in which you explain Example: a cook book recipe tells you how to cook something • Exposition in plot = Basic Situation

17. 31. FABLE • Definition: very brief story in prose or verse that teaches a moral, or a practical lesson about how to get along in life • A SHORT STORY THAT TEACHES A MORAL OR PRACTICAL LESSON ABOUT LIFE • The boy who cried wolf fibbed (lied). • Think FIB – FAB. FABLE!!

18. 32. FIGURE OF SPEECH • Definition: word or phrase that describes one thing in terms of another and is not meant to be understood on a literal level • Language that is not meant to be understood on a literal level • “Go figure!”  don’t literally go and figure out the issue and solve problems. • “It cost me an arm and a leg…” $$$$ • Worse comes to worst…

19. 33. FLASHBACK • Definition: scene in a movie, play, short story, novel, or narrative poem that interrupts the present action of the plot to flash backward and tell what happened at an earlier time • A camera FLASHES. • Its pictures bring us BACK to past memories.

20. 34. FLASH-FORWARD • Definition: a scene in a movie, play, short story, novel, or narrative poem that interrupts the present action of the plot to shift into the future • Forward = FUTURE!

21. 35. FOIL • Definition: character who is used as a contrast to another character • Foil shines. • A foil character helps to make the main character SHINE. • Batman = dark, mysterious, silent, strong • Robin = small, obnoxious, funny

22. 36. FOLK TALE • Definition: story that has no known author and was originally passed on from one generation to another by word of mouth • Tale = told • Stories that are passed down through word-of-mouth

23. 37. FORESHADOWING • Definition: the use of clues to hint at events that will occur later in a plot • CLUES • HINTS

24. 38. FREE VERSE • Definition: poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme • You’re FREE to do what you want. WRITE what you want. You still have natural rhythm, but no rules are applied.

25. 39. GENRE • Definition: the category that a work of literature is classified under. Five major genres in literature are nonfiction, fiction, poetry, drama, and myth • A category of literature • Just remember this…

26. 40. HAIKU • Definition: Japanese verse from consisting of three lines and, usually, seventeen syllables (5 in the first line, 6 in the second, and 5 in the third) • Japanese verse consisting of 3 lines. • HAIKU has 5 letters. It starts with 5 syllables. • KU rhymes with two. Add two, the next line has 7 syllables. • End back at 5 syllables.

27. 41.. HYPERBOLE • Definition: figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion or to create a comic effect • He was as HYPER as the Tasmanian Devil. • This bowl is SO hyper!!!! • Think exaggeration for comic effect.

28. 42. IAMBIC PENTAMETER • Definition: lone of poetry that contains five iambs • A line of poetry that contains 5 iambs. • An iamb is a unit of measure for specific poetry. • When you read a line of this poetry, the syllables are UNSTRESSED then STRESSED. but SOFT! what LIGHT through YON der WIN dow BREAKS. U / U / U / U / U / Unstressed STRESSED pattern 5 times in a line = iambic pentameter

29. 43. IDIOM • Definition: expression peculiar to a particular language that means something different from the literal meaning of each word • Think IDIOM = IDIOT • “That idiot was as dumb as a door knob.” • Expressions that are peculiar…

30. 44. IMAGERY • Definition: Language that appeals to the 5 senses. • CREATES IMAGES IN YOUR MIND.

31. 45. INVERSION • Definition: reversal of the normal word order of a sentence • A VERSION of the writer’s word order. • They write however they want for THEIR purpose or to create a certain effect. • THINK YODA! • Hungry I am. • Wonderful Ms. Tran is. • Scholars you are. 

32. 46. IRONY • Definition: contrast between expectation and reality – between what is said and what is really meant, between what is expected to happen and what really does happen, or between what appears to be true and what is really true • Contrast between expectations and reality. There are 3 kinds. • VERBAL IRONY: VERBAL = SPOKEN WORDS • SITUATIONAL IRONY: You’re in situations that you wouldn’t expect would happen. • DRAMATIC IRONY: You’re sitting in a theater watching a dramatic movie and you know what happens when the characters don’t.

33. 47. LYRIC POETRY • Think lyrics from a song. This poetry is musical and emotional. • The writer of a lyric poem uses words that express his state of mind, his perceptions, or his feelings.    • Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed.

34. 48. METAPHOR • A comparison FOR 2 unlike things without the words like, than, as, or resembles. • THINK ABOUT THIS MATH EQUATION: METAPHOR (4) TWO (2) = 2 unlike things being compared

35. 49. METER • Patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry. • Ways people read poetry –they emphasize certain syllables • Think meter …measure…way to measure syllables.

36. 50. MOOD • Think moody = Feeling something? • The feeling a story evokes!

37. 51. MYTH • Story based in a particular culture. • Think mythical creatures. • Think Lochness monster! • Think Big Foot! • Think werewolves!

38. 52. NARRATION • A type of writing where the speaker tells what happens. • Think narrator who tells a story.

39. 53. NARRATOR • Voice telling a story/ Point of view. • 1st person • Omniscient • Third person limited

40. 54. Non-Fiction • Writing that deals with real people, real things, real events, and real places. • Think NON-FICTION NOT-FAKE

41. 55. NOVEL • Fictional prose narrative usually consisting of more than 50,000 words. • WHAT A NOVELTY! HOW GRAND! WHAT A LONG STORY!

42. 56. ONOMATOPOEIA • ONO = AWW NO!!! • SOUNDS. SOUNDS. SOUNDS!!!

43. 57. PARADOX • PARA= not normal, strange, wondering • “The Gift of the Magi” – Della and Jim are the richest couple on earth. (rich in love but not in money) • Nobody goes to that restaurant, it's too crowded. • Don't go near the water until you've learned to swim. • The man who wrote such a stupid sentence cannot write at all. • If you get this message, call me; if you don't, then don't worry about it.

44. 58. PARALLELISM • Repetition of words or phrases or sentences that have the same GRAMMATICAL structure “I came, I saw, I conquered.” – Julius Caesar

45. 59. PERSONA • Mask or voice assumed by the writer • The author takes on another PERSON’s view point

46. 60. Personification • A kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human. • PERSON = HUMAN • You are making something nonhuman HUMAN. • The wind whispers.

47. 61. Plot • Series of related events that make up a story or drama. • Plot = think of a chain. All of these events link together.

48. 62. Poetry • KEY WORDS: rhythmic, uses figurative language and imagery to appeal to a reader’s emotions and imagination. • Ex. Legal Alien • “A handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds.”

49. 63. POINT OF VIEW • Omniscient = all-knowing (OMMMM = sounds like a prayer…God-Like…knows everything!) • 1st person = 1st person pronoun “I” (Think 1 looks like I) • 3rd person = Third person pronouns He, she, they, it (Number 3 rhymes with HE, SHE) • Vantage POINT = POINT of VIEW

50. 64.PROTAGONIST • Main character • PRO = YES the character you are rooting for.