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LEARNING OUTCOMES

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ECG 503 LECTURE NOTE 11 TOPIC : 4.0 GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES MARCH 2009. LEARNING OUTCOMES. Learning outcomes: At the end of this lecture/week the students would be able to:.

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

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  1. GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERINGECG 503LECTURE NOTE 11 TOPIC : 4.0 GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUESMARCH 2009

  2. LEARNING OUTCOMES Learning outcomes: At the end of this lecture/week the students would be able to: • Understand natural slope and made engineered soil slope assessment which include rainfall induced failure and role of suction.

  3. TOPIC TO BE COVERED • Objective and Principles of Ground Improvements • Types of Ground Improvements With Respect of Cohesionless and Cohesive Soil • Mechanical Methods and Objective; Stone Column, Dynamic Compaction, Vibrofloatation and Vibro Compaction.

  4. Vibrating Plates • for compacting very small areas • effective for granular soils

  5. Smooth-wheeled Roller

  6. Smooth Wheeled Roller Compacts effectively only to 200-300 mm; therefore, place the soil in shallow layers (lifts)

  7. Sheepsfoot Roller to Compact Clay Soils

  8. Sheepsfoot Roller • Provides kneading action; “walks out” after compaction • Very effective on clays

  9. Impact Roller to Compact the Ground

  10. Impact Roller • Provides deeper (2-3m) compaction. e.g., air field

  11. solution cavities in limestone Pounder (Tamper) Crater created by the impact Dynamic Compaction - pounding the ground by a heavy weight Suitable for granular soils, land fills and karst terrain with sink holes. (to be backfilled)

  12. Pounder (Tamper)Mass = 5-30 tonneDrop = 10-30 m

  13. Vibroflot (vibrating unit)Length = 2 – 3 mDiameter = 0.3 – 0.5 mMass = 2 tonnes Vibroflotation Suitable for granular soils • Practiced in several forms: • vibro–compaction • stone columns • vibro-replacement (lowered into the ground and vibrated)

  14. Vibroflotation

  15. Vibroflotation

  16. Stone Columns vibrator makes a hole in the weak ground ..and compacted Densely compacted stone column hole backfilled

  17. Blasting For densifying granular soils Aftermath of blasting Fireworks?

  18. Earthmoving Equipment Large Excavator (see minivan on left for scale)

  19. Grader for spreading soil

  20. Bulldozer for spreading soil evenly

  21. Loader

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