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What Does Every Graduate Student Need to Know about RCR

What Does Every Graduate Student Need to Know about RCR. Jo Ann Smith, PhD, CRA Griselle Báez-Muñoz University of Central Florida Office of Research & Commericalization. Objectives. -- Review the nine core areas of responsible conduct of research

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What Does Every Graduate Student Need to Know about RCR

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  1. What Does Every Graduate Student Need to Know about RCR Jo Ann Smith, PhD, CRA Griselle Báez-Muñoz University of Central Florida Office of Research & Commericalization

  2. Objectives -- Review the nine core areas of responsible conduct of research - Discuss the critical role of the research advisor/mentor in RCR - Demonstrate the interactive simulation "the Lab"

  3. Nine Core Areas RCR • Advisor / Mentor Role • Treatment of Data • Research Misconduct (FFP) • Human Subjects • Animal Welfare • Conflict of Interest/Commitment • Publication Practices/Authorship • Peer Review • Collaborative Science

  4. http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=wIBjGV3OB0o#t=47 http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=wIBjGV3OB0o#t=47

  5. 1. Advising and Mentoring • A mentor can be an advisor • Often a mentor has influence over the mentee • Allocation of credit • Publication practices • Proper division of responsibilities

  6. Advising and Mentoring Advisors and Mentors need to: • Assist young researcher in their career • Provide clear expectations • Acclimate young researchers into the research community (acceptable standards and practices)

  7. Advising and Mentoring Student Responsibility: • Gather a diverse collection of mentors • Seek out and initiate with their advisors

  8. Treatment of Data • Accurate • Accessible (able to share data) • Permanent record

  9. Treatment of Data • Insufficient training in the recording, analyzing, storing, and sharing of data • Journal of Cell Biology (2002) • approximately a quarter had altered images and 1% were found to be fraudulent manipulation

  10. 3. Conflict of Interest/Commitment • All potential conflicts of interest (COI) require disclosure to prevent the appearance of impropriety • Financial conflict of interests (FCOI) and other external commitments are not necessarily prohibited, and may be situational reality that cannot be avoided

  11. Examples of Possible COI • Conducting a sponsored activityfor a company in which the PI, CoPI, and/or their families have a financial interest as defined by applicable policies • Hiring/supervision of family members on a contract or grant or the inclusion of family members as CoPI, key personnel, or subcontractors at another institution

  12. Examples of Possible COI (cont .) • Subcontracting or procuring services from a company owned by the PI, CoPI, or their family • Serving as a consultant or other outside activities with a company or entity that funds sponsored research at the University

  13. 4. Human Subjects • All research involving human subjects must be reviewed and approved by an IRB • Human subject is defined as “a living individual about whom an investigator (faculty or student) conducting research obtains: • (1) Data through intervention or interaction with the individual, or • (2) Identifiable private information.” (32 CFR 219.102.f) • Note: includes survey research

  14. Human Subjects • Researchers involved in human subject research must be aware of all relevant regulations and have appropriate training (CITI Modules - https://www.citiprogram.org/) • The IRB – at least five members to review the potential benefits and risks of study and analyzes the informed consent procedure proposed

  15. 5. Animal Welfare • Federal regulations govern animal research, institutional animal care and use committees, and treatment of animals. • Animal Welfare Act seeks to ensure the appropriate care and treatment of animals used in research. • 3Rs: Reduction, Refinement, Replacement

  16. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) • PHS policy defines an animal as "any live, vertebrate animal used in research, research training, experimentation, or biological testing or for related purposes • IACUC - least 5 members, including a veterinarian, a scientist experienced in animal research, a non-scientist and a member who has no other affiliation with the Institution

  17. 6. Responsible Conduct of Research • All institutions that receive federal funds must have policies and procedures to investigate and report research misconduct (42 CFR Part 93) • UCF follows the U.S. Office of Research Integrity’s definition of research misconduct as….

  18. *Definition of Research Misconduct: • Fabrication –making up data or results • Falsification – manipulating research materials, equipment or process, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record • Plagiarism – the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit. …in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. * U.S. Office of Science & Technology Policy

  19. Criteria to be Considered Misconduct • Significant departure from accepted practices and norms in that discipline • Committed intentionally or knowingly, or recklessly • Proven by a preponderance of evidence • Does not include honest error, differences of opinion, or issues of authorship * U.S. Office of Science & Technology Policy

  20. Responding to Suspected Violations • Institution designate an official to investigate allegations (RIO, Director/Chair, Compliance, or the Ombudsman) • Investigations are normally divided into two procedures- • 1. Investigation of suspected misconduct • 2. If warranted, a formal investigation to reach a conclusion and the necessary actions to be taken

  21. Questionable Research Practices • Methods used by scientists & institutions to address questionable research practices (QRP) are different than for those handling misconduct in science • Different scientific fields vary on what is defined as a QRP

  22. 7. Publication Practices/ Authorship • Collaborative work and assigning appropriate credit, acknowledgments • Appropriate citations • Repetitive publications, fragmentary publication

  23. Publication Practices/Authorship • Sufficient description of methods • Corrections and retractions, • Conventions for deciding upon authors, • Author responsibilities • The pressure to publish

  24. 8. Peer Review • Editorial boards and ad hoc reviewers • Responsibilities of the reviewers • Determining merit for research funding and publications • Impartiality • Privileged information and confidentiality

  25. 9. Collaborative Science • Set ground rules early • Avoid authorship disputes • Issues with the sharing of materials and information with internal and external collaborating scientists

  26. Reference: • Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. (1995). On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research: Third Edition. The National Academies Press. Retrieved from: http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12192

  27. Questions/Discussion?

  28. Contact Us: Jo Ann Smith, PhD, CRA Jo.smith@ucf.edu GriselleBáez-Muñoz Griselle.Baez-Munoz@ucf.edu

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