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Atlantic Meridional Transport: Observations & Preliminary Results

Study on heat and water transport in the Atlantic Ocean, highlighting Ekman dynamics, conservation principles, and observed anomalies. Detailed analysis of zonal stress, potential temperature, and ocean circulation patterns. Explore the intensification of poleward transport and correlation with NAO.

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Atlantic Meridional Transport: Observations & Preliminary Results

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  1. Atlantic Meridional Transport • Observed From Space • Preliminry Results • W. Timothy Liu and Xiaosu Xie • Heat Transport • Water Transport • Mean and Seasonal Variation

  2. τx: Zonal stress Te: Potential temp. of Ekman layer : Mean potential temp. of the water column Ekman water transport Center of cyclonic currents Ekman heat transport Sato, Polito, & Liu, 2002: GRL, 29(17) Sprintall & Liu, 2005: Oceanography, 18(4)

  3. Meridional Heat Transport (MHT) Center of cyclonic currents Conservation of heat By Green’s theorem H: Heat content ζ: Horizontal heat flux SW: Short wave radiation LW: Long wave radiation LH: Latent heat SH: Sensible heat

  4. Meridional Water Transport (MWT) Center of cyclonic currents Conservation of water mass By Green’s theorem P: Precipitation E: Evaporation Ψ: Horizontal mass flux R: River discharge

  5. MHT from heat storage change (Statistic-al model) MHT from surface heat flux Total MHT at Atlantic

  6. Pacific Ekman water transport Total Anomaly Intensification of poleward Ekman water transport from 1998 in the tropics

  7. Ekman heat transport anomaly 12N-14N SSM/I QuikSCAT 5S-8S Intensification of poleward Ekman heat transport from 1999 in the tropical Atlantic

  8. Ekman water transport in the subtropical Atlantic is correlated with NAO

  9. Atlantic total northward water transport Atlantic Ekman water transport Peak poleward transport in winterin the tropics

  10. Atlantic Ekman water transport Total Anomaly Intensification of poleward Ekman water transport from 1998 in the tropics

  11. Ekman water transport anomaly 12N-14N SSM/I QuikSCAT 5S-8S Intensification of poleward Ekman water transport from 1998 in the tropical Atlantic

  12. Ekman water transport in the subtropical Atlantic is correlated with NAO

  13. Summary • Spacebased data provide almost continuous spatial and temporal coverages for Ekman and total meridional transport for a decade • Reality checks are needed • What is the relation between surface Ekman transport in the total meridional transport need physical interpolation.

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