1.2 Computer Generations

1. 1.2 Computer Generations Lead In New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises Features of Computer English

2. Lead In • 1. Do you know when the first computer was invented? • How large was the first computer? • 2. When was the first microcomputer appear?

3. Lead In 1. The first electronic computer, the Electronical Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC),was developed in 1946.It measured 18 feet by 80 feet and weighed 30 tons. 世界上第一台计算机，ENIAC于1946年产生。它长80英尺宽18英尺、重达30吨。

4. Lead In 2.In 1971,the first microcomputer appeared. A microcomputer could be clearly differentiated from computers in the other categories because its CPU consisted of a single “chip” called a microprocessor. 1971年，第一台微型计算机产生。微型计算机与其他类型的计算机最大的区别在于其中央处理器由一小块芯片构成，这个被称为微机处理器。

5. 1.2 Computer Generations New Words vacuum tube （美）真空管，电子管 integrated circuits 集成电路 miniaturize 使小型化 semiconductor chip 半导体芯片 silicon （化）硅，硅元素 considerably 相当地 printed circuit board 印刷电路板 bakelite 胶木 Lead In New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

6. 1.2 Computer Generations New Words fiberglass 玻璃纤维，玻璃丝 mother board 母板 microprocessor 微处理器 trigger 引发，引起，触发 kit 成套工具，用具包，工具箱 Lead In New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

7. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study Read the passage carefully, and try to find: Lead In The computer’s four generations: New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

8. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The computer’s four generations: The First Generation: 1964—1958 Lead In The Second Generation：1959—1964 New Words & Expressions The Third Generation: 1965—1970 Instensive Study The Fourth Generation: 1971—Today Exercises

9. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The First Generation Computer is called: Lead In Who built the first generation computer? New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

10. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The First Generation Computer is called: The Vacumm Years Lead In Who built the first generation computer? Two Americans, Presper Eckert and John Mauchly did . New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

11. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Second Generation Computer is called: Lead In Who built the second generation computer? New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

12. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Second Generation Computer is called: The Era of Transistor Lead In Who built the second generation computer? Three scientists, John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain did. New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

13. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Third Generation Computer is called: Lead In Who built the third generation computer? New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

14. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Third Generation Computer is called: Integrated Circuits—Miniaturizing the Computer Lead In Who built the second generation computer? Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby did. New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

15. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Fourth Generation Computer is called: Lead In What led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers ? New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

16. 1.2 Computer Generations Instensive Study The Fourth Generation Computer is called: The Microprocessor Lead In What led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers ? Ted Hoff invented a chip the size aof a pencil eraser that could do all the computing and logic work of a computer, which led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers. New Words & Expressions Instensive Study Exercises

17. 1.2 Computer Generations Exercises 1. Fill in blanks according to the text: 1) The ENIAC used thousands of ( ), which took up a lot of space and gave off a great deal of heat just like light bulbs do. vacuum tubes Lead In 2) In 1947 three scientists, John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain working at( ) invented the transistor computer. AT&T’s Bell Labs New Words & Expressions • Most electronic devices today use some form of ( ) placed on printed circuit boards. integrated circuits Instensive Study 4) The fourth generation computer can be characterized by both the jump to ( ) and the invention of. monolithic integrated circuits Exercises 5) ( ) led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers. The microprocessor

18. 1.2 Computer Generations 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese: 1) How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all. Lead In 大家对他怎样完成这项工作的都很感兴趣。 2) My opinion is that he will not agree. 我的意见是他不会同意的。 New Words & Expressions 3) I know that he is friendly and hospitable. 我知道他很友好而且好客。 Instensive Study 4) Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house. Exercises 他们知道要下雨，于是就决定在室内干活。 5) Who did the work is unknown. 这工作是谁干的，大家都不知道。

19. Section 3 The Features of Computer English Feaures of Vocabulary Features of Sentences Features of Grammar Special Expressions

20. Feaures of Vocabulary extension abbriviation compounding new abbriviation

21. extension access 接近——访问 bridge 桥梁 ——网桥 bus 公共汽车——总线 cache 地窖——高速缓冲存储器 driver 驾驶员——驱动器 memory 记忆——存储器 mouse 老鼠——鼠标 program 节目——程序

22. abbriviation BBS (Bulletin Board System)——电子公告板 CAI (Computer Aided Instruction)——计算机辅助教学 CPU (Central Processing Unit)——中央处理器 HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)——超文本标记语言 LCD ( Liquid Crystal Display)——液晶显示器 ISP ( Internet Service Provider)——因特网服务提供商 IT (Information Technology)——信息技术 LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)——激光 PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)——个人数字助理 PnP (Plug and Play)——即插即用 UPA (Uninterruptible Power Supply)——不间断电源 WWW (World Wide Web)——万维网

23. compounding computer+user—compuser down+load—download electronic+learning—e-learning electronic+mail—E-mail hard+ware—hardware key+board—keyboard modulator+demodulator—Modem pass+word—password

24. new abbriviation ASAP—as soon as possible BY—boyfriend CUL—see you later FYI—for your information IAE—in any event IMO—in my opinion TY—thank you BBL—be back later CU—see you FTF—face to face GF—girlfriend IC—I see TIA—thanks in advanced VG—very good

25. Homework • Ex. 3 on P7 • Finish reading the left materials on P10-12