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Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide From Ocean Interior Carbon Measurements and Models

Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide From Ocean Interior Carbon Measurements and Models.

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Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide From Ocean Interior Carbon Measurements and Models

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  1. Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide From Ocean Interior Carbon Measurements and Models Sara Mikaloff-Fletcher1, Nicolas Gruber1, Andrew Jacobson2, Ken Caldeira3, Scott Doney4, Manuel Gloor5, Mick Follows6, Keith Lindsay7, Richard Matear8, Dimitris Menemenlis9, Anne Mouchet10, and Jorge Sarmiento2 1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles 2. Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University 3. Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 4. Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 5. Max-Planck Institut fuer Biogeochemie 6. Department of Earth, Atmosphere, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 7. Climate and Global Dynanamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research 8. Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation 9. Jet Propulsion Laboratory 10. Astrophysics & Geophysics Institute, University of Liege

  2. Anthropogenic Carbon Estimated From DIC and Nutrient Data (μmol/kg)

  3. Inverse Modeling The inverse model finds the combination of carbon fluxes from a discrete number of ocean regions that are optimally fit the observations Cjant=Anthropogenic carbon calculated from observations at site j xi= Magnitude of the flux from region i Hi,j= The modelled response of a unit flux from region i at station j, or basis functions

  4. Sample Basis Function

  5. S. High Lat. S. Mid. Lat. Tropics N. Mid. Lat. North Anthropogenic Carbon Uptake Global Total: 2.2 Pg C/yr Scaled to 1995 N. High Lat.

  6. S. High Lat. S. Mid. Lat. Tropics N. Mid. Lat. Comparison Between Forward and Inverse Estimates N. High Lat. North

  7. Anthropogenic Carbon Flux Between 35S and 90S

  8. Flux, Storage, and Transport Flux and Storage — Flux — Storage Transport (Positive = North) 8

  9. Flux, Storage, and Transport By Ocean Basin Green=Flux (Pg C/yr) Red=Storage (Pg C/yr) Blue=Transport (Pg C/yr) 6 2 2 2 6 0.2 1 3 2 7 4 5 8 4 6 0.8 2 4 4 2 2 0.3 3 2 8 6 3 4 6 4 5 3 3 10 4 2 3 3 6 2 4 3 6 2 3 4 6 7 4 1 6 5 8 4 6 12 4 7 13 7

  10. Conclusions • The Anthropogenic Carbon Inventories call for: • Strongest Uptake at High latitudes • Greatest Storage at Mid-latitudes • Northward transport across the equator • Inverse estimates are in general agreement with forward estimates • Initial work suggests inverse fluxes may be less sensitive to transport model

  11. S. High Lat. S. Mid. Lat. Tropics N. Mid. Lat. N. High Lat. Sensitivity to Model Configuration North

  12. S. High Lat. S. Mid. Lat. Tropics N. Mid. Lat. North Sensitivity to Spatial Pattern N. High Lat.

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