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World History Chapter 11-The French Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era

World History Chapter 11-The French Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era. Terms/Names conscription- the draft coup d’etat - quick seizure of power Jacobins- extreme radicals Girondists - moderates Napoleon Bonaparte- Emperor of France

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World History Chapter 11-The French Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era

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  1. World HistoryChapter 11-The French Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era

  2. Terms/Names • conscription- the draft • coup d’etat- quick seizure of power • Jacobins- extreme radicals • Girondists- moderates • Napoleon Bonaparte- Emperor of France • Prussia- European country fighting revolutionaries • Valmy- victory site for French Revolutionaries which halted the armies of the European monarch. • Committee of Public Safety- Convened by national Convention to direct war

  3. August 1792: • Austrian & Prussian armies marched toward Paris. • City Workers (Radicals) took over the government & made France a Republic& formed the National Convention. • Sept 1792: Revolutionaries defeat European powers at Valmy & save the revolution

  4. Sept 1792-1795: National Convention- met & passed reforms. • Radicals who took over National Assembly • Wrote first democratic constitution • all males could vote • power in hands of National Legislature • Tried & executed Louis XVI • Established French Republic

  5. National Convention con’t • Created the metric system • Political Divisions within National Convention: • Jacobins- radicals; defenders of the revolution; leader- Robespierre; voice of the people (sans culottes); sat at the back of the hall on high benches (mountain). • Girondists- moderates; wanted to protect wealthy middle class; felt revolution had gone far enough. • The Plain- in middle; undecided deputies but were majority in convention came to support the mountain.

  6. January 1793: European monarchs form an alliance against revolutionaries in France. Revolutionaries try to spread Revolution everywhere. • Summer of 1793: Committee of Public Safety- direct the war; adopted conscription to raise an army. • July 1793: Reign of Terror- Jacobins try to crush all opposition to their plans. Committee of Public Safety ruled France. Robespierre ruled Committee. Robespierre & other radicals executed anyone thought to be against the Revolution.

  7. July 1794: Reign of Terror ends. Wave of killing turned the people against Robespierre & he was executed. Jacobins lose power. Middle class takes control of Convention. 1795: Convention writes a constitution favoring the wealthy. Only land owning males could vote. Set up a 5 man council called The Directory to rule with a 2 house legislature. Created many problems. People looked to army for leadership.

  8. 1799: Napoleon seizes power (coup d’etat) from Directory & declares himself Emperor of France. • Napoleon Bonaparte: General in the French army; defeated the Austrians; & protected the Directory against an uprising.

  9. Conditions in France that made his rise to power possible: • food shortages • rising prices • growing gap between rich & poor • financial problems • scandals among directors • Revolution ends. Empire begins.

  10. Results • Ideas of the Enlightment continue to influence people around the world. • Brings about the decline of the absolute rulers of Europe.

  11. Guillotine: • http://inventors.about.com/od/gstartinventions/a/Guillotine.htm • Madame Tussaud’s • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ovo2YP94zw

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