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RSv : Respiratory Syncytial virus

RSv : Respiratory Syncytial virus. Barbara Woodall. Background. Discovered in 1956 C hildhood illnesses Causes bronchioltitis & pneumonia Age 2 ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014). Background. Family: Paramyxovirida Subfamily: Pneumovirinae An enveloped RNA virus

hermione-woodard
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RSv : Respiratory Syncytial virus

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  1. RSv:Respiratory Syncytial virus Barbara Woodall

  2. Background • Discovered in 1956 • Childhood illnesses • Causes bronchioltitis & pneumonia • Age 2 ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

  3. Background • Family: Paramyxovirida • Subfamily: Pneumovirinae • An enveloped RNA virus • Strains A and B ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) 1

  4. Transmission • Water droplets • Indirect contact • Spreads rapidly among children • Contagious even after 1-3 weeks (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

  5. Prevention

  6. Prevention • Hand washing • Keeps hands away from face • Avoid contact with people who are sick • Cover coughs and sneezes • Clean and disinfect surfaces • Stay home when sick ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

  7. Hand washing • Warm water • Soap • Remove jewelry • Wash for twenty seconds 2

  8. Symptoms • Illness 4-6 days after exposure • Runny nose and decrease in appetite (2-8 days) • Coughing, sneezing and fever (1-3 days after) • Infants: • Irritability • Decreased activity and breathing ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

  9. Red Alert signs • Non stop coughing or wheezing • Fast or troubled breathing • Fever > 100 • Bluish color around mouth or fingernails • Spread-out nostrils and/or caved-in chest • Gasping for breath (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

  10. Diagnosing • Antigen Detection Test • Suplement Antigen Testing with cell culture • RT-PCR assay ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) 3

  11. Treatment • Recovery in 1-2 weeks • May cause Sever lung infections • Some infants may require hospitalization ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

  12. High Risk 4

  13. High Risk • Infants under 6 weeks • Born before 35 weeks • Chronic lung disease • Congenital heart disease • Weekend immune systems ( Anekwe) (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

  14. Statistics • 4,500 deaths a year in the US • Infants 2-6 months • Life-threatening pneumonia • Easily diagnosed as influenza • About 1% of children will require hospitalization • Between 25-40 out of 100 young children show sings of pneumonia or bronchiolitis ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) (Tortora, Case & Case, 2010)

  15. Prevalence • Varies by location (RSVprotection) • Time and severity vary from year to year • Usually occurs during late fall, winter and early spring ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

  16. Prevalence 5

  17. New Developments • Immune globulin product has been approved • Protective vaccines being clinically tested • Sever symptoms helped by aerosol • Humanized monoclonal antibody (Tortora, Case & Case, 2010)

  18. New developments • Respiratory illness in older adults ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) • Palivizumab for high risk children (Anekwe, 2009) • Antivirals with anti-inflammatory therapies ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2010) • New imaging technique to study RSV living cells (Toon, 2013)

  19. Super-resolution optical image 6

  20. Places doing research • Arctic Investigation Program ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) • immunity • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2010) • Immunity • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Toon, 2013) • How it enters • How it Replicates • How many genomes inserted into hosts

  21. Works Cited • Anekwe, Lilian. Government considers immunizing children against RSV. (2009, January 14). Retrieved form http://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/government-considers-immunising-children-against-rsv/10995958.article#.UzXevNytg2w • Paving the way for respiratory syncytial virus. ( 2013, September). Retrieved form http://www.path.org/publications/files/VAC_rsv_fs.pdf • Rsvprotection. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.rsvprotection.com/index.html • Respiratory syncytial virus. (2014, April 01). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/rsv/ • Respiratory Syncytial Virus. (2010, March 15) Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/rsv/research/pages/researchrole.aspx • Toon, John. (2013, December 30). Imaging Technology Could Unlock Mysteries of a Childhood Disease. Retrieved form http://www.news.gatech.edu/2013/12/29/imaging-technology-could-unlock-mysteries-childhood-disease • Tortora, G., Case, C., & Case, C. (2010). Microbiology: An introduction. (10th ed., p. 692). San Francisco: Pearson Education Inc

  22. Picture cited • Respiratory syncytial virus RSV. Retrieved fromhttp://www.bode-science-center.com/center/relevant-pathogens-from-a-z/respiratory-syncytial-virus.html • Sucher, Peggy. Hand Washing – The #1 Deterrent to the Spread of Contaminants. (2011, November 7) Retrieved form http://tattooroadtrip.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Handwashing-3.jpg • Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Retrieved from http://www.corisbio.com/Products/Human-Field/RSV.php • Rsvprotection. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.rsvprotection.com/index.html • Respiratory syncytial virus. (2014, April 01). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/rsv/ • Toon, John. (2013, December 30). Imaging Technology Could Unlock Mysteries of a Childhood Disease. Retrieved formhttp://www.news.gatech.edu/2013/12/29/imaging-technology-could-unlock-mysteries-childhood-disease

  23. Review Questions • Which state/region has the longest duration of RSV season? • Florida • Region 7 • Region 3 • By what age have most children has RSV? • 6 months • 1 • 2 • How long are you contagious after contracting the virus • 1-2 days • 1-3 weeks • 1 month

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