Climate Responsive Design For Administrative Building In different climate zones in Palestine

1. An-Najah National UniversityFaculty of Engineering Building department Climate Responsive Design For Administrative Building In different climate zones in Palestine By : Bara Thaher Mohammad Sameer Osama Joma’a Supervisor :Dr Sameh Mona

2. Outline: • Project description • Methodology for solutions • Project design( Architectural , environmental , Structural , Mechanical, Electrical) • Recommendations for selection of environmental elements according to climate differences

3. Project description Why administrative buildings: • Our project is a redesign and suggestion of administrative building. • These type of buildings are important as it is used in many fields of usage in different climate zones such as . • The building designers establish these type of buildings without an overview to climate differences.

4. Project description (cont.) Why administrative buildings: • The employers of these type of buildings are not responsible for the energy bill, so they switch on the mechanical systems to reach their comfort zone. • This will cost the government a lot of expenses.

5. Project description (cont.) • We considered education and higher education building in Tulkarm.

6. Project description (cont.) • Four floors and ground floor building and 256 m² for each floor. • East west orientation , and the entrance form east elevation .

7. Project problems Project description (cont.) • Orientation of the building east-west. • solar design is not taken into consideration. • Consumes a large amount of energy because there is a huge amount of air conditioners

8. Project problems (cont.) • The east elevation contain large glassing areas. • number of elevators is small compared to the size of the building. • There are no emergency staircase. • No shading. • The parking capacity is not enough.

9. Methodology for solutions. we have divided building solutions into three categories to compare. • Category 1: existed building in Tulkarm. • Category 2: suggested solutions for the existed building in Tulkarm. • Category 3: the effect of climate diversity on the building.

10. Project design : Architectural solutions

11. Project design : Architectural solutions (cont.) • East elevation.

12. Project design : Architectural solutions (cont.) • West elevation.

13. Project design : Architectural solutions (cont.) • North elevation.

14. Project design : Architectural solutions (cont.) • South elevation.

15. Project design : Environmental analyzing. We used ECOTICT simulation program to analyze: • Day lighting levels. • Thermal insulation. We take a room in each elevation in existed and suggested buildings to be analyzed.

16. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Daylight analysis:

17. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) East room analysis in existed building.

18. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) East room analysis in suggested building.

19. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) From the previous analysis, the output of ECOTICT program was as follow:

20. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Thermal analysis Using ECOTICT program, we analyzed the second floor in existed and suggested buildings, and extracted the simulation output.

21. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Buildings thermal mass and walls layers.

22. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) The existing and suggestion building have the same partition layers.

23. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Types of window:

24. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) We divide the second floor to four zone .

25. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) The output from the analysis are shown in the following table: Heating load comparison: Cooling load comparison:

26. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Solar chimney:

27. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Solar window:

28. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Shading:

29. Project design : Environmental analyzing (cont.) Air conditions water disposal.

30. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design we redesigned the existing building in Tulkarm according to the followings: • The American Concrete Institute code ACI 318-05. • The seismic design according to UBC-97. • The analysis and design were done using SAP2000 program.

31. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) Design data : • 1. Compressive strength : f\c =24 Mpa • 2.Yielding strength of steel The yield strength of steel for flexure Fy= 420Mpa. • 3. Bearing capacity of soil the bearing capacity of soil Qall.= 20Mpa. • 4. Slab thickness One way ribbed slab is selected in design. The longest span (one end continues) = 4.55 m. The thickness of slab (h) = 455/18.5=24.6 cm we used 25 cm as a thickness of slab.

32. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) 4.Beams dimension 5.columns dimension

33. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) Columns types and distribution

34. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) 3D Model Checks : • Compatibility • check

35. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Maximum • deflections

36. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Equilibrium checks

37. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Check participating mass ratio:

38. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Slab moments from sap

39. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) Slab reinforcement

40. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Reinforcement of a section in slab

41. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Design of beams

42. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)

43. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Design of stairs

44. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Design of footings

45. Project design : Structural Analysis and Design (cont.) • Reinforcement of the windows

46. Project design : Mechanical design • Elevator System Design. • Water Supply Systems. • Drainage Water Systems Design. • HVAC System Design.

47. Project design : Mechanical design (cont.) Elevator System Design. After making calculations for the required elevators the result was: The elevator type is motor driven elevator with a sliding door we use 2 elevator type (2500/350)

48. Project design : Mechanical design (cont.) Water Supply Systems. we took the third floor as sample of calculations : • we use 1.5’’ for main vertical cooled Pipe • We used 1’’ for main vertical heat Pipe • We used 1.25'' for main horizontal cooled pipe

49. Project design : Mechanical design (cont.) Water Supply Systems (cont.) • We used 3/4 for main horizontal heat • We used 3/8'' for sink. • We used 3/8 '' for flush tank.

50. Project design : Mechanical design (cont.) Water Supply Systems (cont.)