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Climate Zones and Vegetation. Chapter 2 Section 3. 5 Types of Climate Zones. Tropical Mid Latitude High Latitude Dry Highland. Tropical Climates. The tropics. Tropical Climates. Tropical Climates range from ______ to ______? (low latitude)
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Climate Zones and Vegetation Chapter 2 Section 3
5 Types of Climate Zones • Tropical • Mid Latitude • High Latitude • Dry • Highland
Tropical Climates • Tropical Climates range from ______ to ______? (low latitude) • If you like _________ weather you would love to live in a tropical climate. • There are two types of tropical climates • Tropical Rain Forest Climate • Tropical Savanna Climate
Tropical Rain Forest Climate • Year round rainfall – produce lush vegetation which is home to millions of plants and animals. • The trees form a canopy over the land allowing very little sunlight to actually reach the forest floor. (Mahogany, teak, ebony) • The Amazon Basin in ________ ______________ is the largest rain forest region.
Canopy Trees Ebony Mahogany Teak
Tropical Savanna Climate • Savannas – broad grasslands with few trees • Rainfall occurs only a few months out of a year. • Wet Season – Few months out of the year when it does rain on the tropical savanna. • The rest of the year is hot and dry
Rainforest climates – remain wet most of the year. Have a lot of vegetation Savanna Climates – have a distinct wet and dry season. Have minimal vegetation with very few trees. What’s the Difference
Tropical Rain Forest: South America Africa Asia Tropical Savanna: South America Africa Asia Tropical Climate ZonesLocation
Tropical Climates • Tropical Climates especially the rain forests are home to more than half of our world’s plant and animal species. • Rain forests in the tropical climates are very important to our water cycle because they? ____________________________________________________________________
Various other plants and animals species of Tropical Climates toucan Sloth Venus Fly Trap Poison Arrow Frog Bromeliads
Note-Taking Check • Where are the tropical climate zones found?
Mid-Latitude Climates • Also known as a moderate climate • Found in the “middle” between ___________degrees N or S latitude, and ___________ degrees N or S Latitude from the equator • The majority of the world’s people live within this climate region.
Mid-Latitude Climate • This region has the most climate zones and regions within it than any other. • Why? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Breakdown of the Mid-latitude Climate Zone • 1. Marine West Coast Climate • 2. Mediterranean Climate • 3. Humid Continental Climate • 4. Humid Subtropical Climate
Marine West Coast Climate • Found on: • The western coast of the United States • Europe – England • Australia – South East What it is: An area that receives winds from the ocean
Marine West Coast Climate • What is it like: • Winters: rainy and mild • Summers: Cool You would probably see a lot of _____________ which supports the growth of deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves in the fall) or Coniferous forests (cones and needles)
Marine West Coast Climate Deciduous Coniferous
Mediterranean Climate • Another mid-latitude climate zone • Has mild, rainy winters (much like the marine west coast climate) • It has hot, dry summers • Vegetation include: • Chaparral • Shrubs • Short trees
Vegetation: Mediterranean Climate chaparral
Humid Continental Climate • Another Mid-Latitude Climate • If you live in the inland areas of North America, Europe, or Asia this is the type of climate you may have. • Winters can be __________, ___________, ________________(think of Chicago) • Summers are normally _____________ and very _____________.
Humid Continental Climate:Vegetation • You will probably find deciduous trees ( just like where?) • Also vast grasslands may flourish • Where in the United States might you find this type of area?
Humid Subtropical Climate • Yet another type of mid-latitude climate • These regions are close to the _________________ • Rain falls throughout the year, but the heaviest rain will come during this season? ___________________ • The winters here are generally mild and short
Humid Subtropical Climate: Vegetation • Oaks • Magnolias • Palms
High Latitude Climate • These climates usually are mainly in the high latitudes of each hemisphere ( the circles) ranging from ______ degrees to __________ degrees • Generally these climates are very cold but some are more severe than others. • There are three types of high latitude climates • Subarctic • Tundra • Ice cap
Subarctic Climate • This is the section closest to the mid latitude zones ( closest to 60 degrees) • There are very few people who live here • The climate is very cold and bitter in the winter • The summer can see temperatures rising above freezing
Subarctic vegetation • Taiga – Huge evergreen forests
Tundra • Closer to the Poles than the subarctic • Tundra – cold and dry weather • The Tundra is so cold that parts of the soil stay frozen permanently – Permafrost • Only the few top layers of the soil thaw during the summer months. • This thawed soil turns marshy in the summer giving the plants the nutrients they need to live.
Tundra Vegetation • There are no trees that grow in the tundra because it is too cold for their roots to set up in the ground • There are however sturdy grasses and low bushes that grow
Ice Cap Climate • Antarctica and Greenland • Monthly temperatures average in Antarctica is -128 degrees • No vegetation grows here however some mosses and fungi can grow.
Note-taking Check • What are the three types of high latitude climates?
Dry Climates • Dry or partially dry areas that receive little or no rain • Temperatures can be really hot during the day and extremely cold in the night. • Dry climates can be found at any latitude. • There are two types of dry climates • Desert Climate • Steppe Climate
Desert Climate • Receive less than 10 inches of rainfall per year • Only scattered plants such as shrubs and ____________ can grow here. • ____________ can collect any rain that falls because their roots are close to the surface. • If irrigation is available some types of crops can also be grown.
