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Childbirth Process

Explore essential childbirth terms, stages of labor, and delivery options, from dilation to cesarean delivery. Enhance your knowledge for a better birth experience!

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Childbirth Process

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  1. Childbirth Process

  2. Childbirth terms

  3. Childbirth Terms • Labor • The work of the mother and baby to help the baby be delivered. • Regular contractions of the uterus that result in dilation and effacement of the cervix.

  4. Childbirth Terms • Show or mucous plug • A pinkish plug that covers the cervix • Released at the beginning of labor. • Water breaking • The amniotic sac breaks or is broken releasing amniotic fluid.

  5. Childbirth Terms • Dilation • The extent to which the cervix has opened in preparation for childbirth. • It is measured in centimeters • Full dilation being 10 centimeters

  6. Childbirth Terms • Effacement • The thinning of the cervix in preparation for birth • Expressed in percentages • The mother will be 100% effaced when she begins pushing

  7. Childbirth Terms • Fontanels • Soft spots between the unfused sections of the baby’s skull. • These allow the baby’s head to compress slightly during passage through the birth canal.

  8. Childbirth Terms • Episiotomy • A surgical incision made on the perineum used to enlarge the vaginal opening to help deliver a baby. • Prevents the skin from tearing. • The incision is stitched after the third stage of labor.

  9. Childbirth Terms • Contraction • The regular tightening of the uterus working to push the baby down the birth canal. • Delivery • The process of the fetus being expelled from the uterus.

  10. Childbirth Terms • Post-partum • The time after delivery where rest is the mother’s primary physical need. • Time from birth to six weeks.

  11. Childbirth Terms • Forceps and Vacuum extractor • Tools used by the obstetrician to guide the fetal head during delivery.

  12. Childbirth Terms • Lochia • After delivery, bloody vaginal discharge. • Comparable to a heavy period • Lasts up to six weeks • Station • Refers to the position of the baby in the birth canal.

  13. Stages of labor

  14. Dilation • The first stage of labor • Usually the longest stage of labor while the cervix dilates from 0-10 cm and becomes effaced.

  15. Dilation • Contractions begin to dilate the cervix. • Contractions become longer, stronger, and closer together.

  16. Expulsion • The second stage of labor. • Crowning is when the baby’s head has passed through the birth canal and the top or “crown” stays visible at the vaginal opening without slipping back inside. • The purpose of contractions during this stage is to push the baby out of the uterus.

  17. Expulsion • As delivery approaches, contractions become longer, stronger, and closer together. • Average birth weight of a full term healthy baby is 7-8 pounds and 20 inches in length.

  18. Afterbirth • The third stage of labor. • Is when the afterbirth, consisting of the amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord, is expelled • Usually lasts anywhere from 5 to 20 minutes or more.

  19. Afterbirth • Mild contractions that last about a minute each will help separate the placenta from the uterine wall and move it through the birth canal so that it can be pushed. • The practitioner may help speed up the process by putting gentle pressure on your uterus.

  20. Delivery options

  21. Vaginal • Delivered through the vaginal opening.

  22. Cesarean • Surgery performed so the baby can be delivered through an incision made in the abdomen wall and uterus.

  23. Cesarean • Reasons for performing a C-section: • The position of the baby • The umbilical cord wrapping around the baby’s neck • Problems with the fetal heart rate • The fetus is under stress • The mother is in danger

  24. Anesthesia • Natural • Childbirth without any medication • Epidural • Pain medication injected into a space within the expecting mother’s spinal cord region. • Numbs from the abdomen or pelvis downward. • Given to relieve pain during the labor and delivery process.

  25. Doctors • Obstetrician Gynecologist • The doctor trained to deliver the baby. • Midwife • A registered nurse with additional training as a midwife. • A person with formal training in childbirth without a nursing degree who delivers infants and provides prenatal and postpartum care.

  26. Delivery Rooms • Birthing Room • Labor, delivery, and postpartum recovery all occurs in the same room. • Delivery Room • Labor and delivery occur in this room • Mother is then moved to a postpartum room to recover. • Operating Room • Cesarean sections occur in this room

  27. Delivery Position of the Fetus • Normal • Head first and face down • Breech position delivery • Feet or buttocks first • Posterior position delivery • Head first and face up • Transverse position delivery • Fetus is laying sideways

  28. Summary • Childbirth terminology • Stages of labor • Delivery options

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