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What are the most important energy sources in foods you eat? Carbohydrates and lipids

What are the most important energy sources in foods you eat? Carbohydrates and lipids. All cells use chemical energy carried by __________________. Adenosine triphosphate. How is energy released by ATP? A phosphate group is removed releasing chemical energy in the form of heat.

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What are the most important energy sources in foods you eat? Carbohydrates and lipids

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  1. What are the most important energy sources in foods you eat? • Carbohydrates and lipids

  2. All cells use chemical energy carried by __________________. • Adenosine triphosphate

  3. How is energy released by ATP? • A phosphate group is removed releasing chemical energy in the form of heat

  4. Why is the bond from the third phosphate group removed from ATP? • The last phosphate group is unstable and easily broken

  5. ATP becomes _______ • ADP, adenosine diphosphate

  6. Why is it not a simple process to add a phosphate group to ADP? • It requires a large group of proteins

  7. What three types of molecules can produce ATP when they are broken down? • Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

  8. What type of molecule is most commonly broken down to produce ATP? • carbohydrates

  9. When glucose is broken down, how many molecules may be produced? • 36

  10. What type of molecule provides the most energy through ATP? • lipids

  11. 80% of the energy in your body is stored in ______. • fats

  12. Triglycerides break down to _____ molecules. • 146

  13. Proteins store about the same amount of energy as carbohydrates but are _____ ________ to be broken down. • Less likely

  14. Amino acids are needed to make ______ more than they are needed to make energy. • proteins

  15. Plants make their own food through a process called _____________. • photosynthesis

  16. Hydrothermal vents release compounds called ________ which serve as an energy source for nearby organisms. • sulfides

  17. Organisms that live near Challenger deep use a process called __________ to obtain energy. This process is different from photosynthesis in that it uses chemical energy instead of light to drive the reactions. • chemosynthesis

  18. Photosynthetic organisms are referred to as ____________. • producers

  19. This is the process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy. • Photosynthesis

  20. This is a molecule found in chloroplasts that absorb some of the energy in visible light. • Chlorophyll

  21. What are the two types of chlorophyll that plants typically have and what portion of the electromagnetic spectrum do they absorb? • Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b red and blue

  22. What are the two primary parts of chloroplasts that are needed for photosynthesis? • Grana and stroma

  23. These are stacks of coin shaped, membrane enclosed compartments called thylakoids. • grana

  24. The membranes of the ________ contain chlorophyll, other light absorbing molecules, and proteins. • thylakoids

  25. This is the fluid that surrounds the grana inside a chloroplast. • stroma

  26. Light Dependent Reactions • 1. chlorophyll absorbs energy from the sun • 2. The energy is transferred along the thylakoid • 3. Water is broken down. • 4. Oxygen is released • 5. Energy carried along the thylakoid membrane is transferred to molecules that carry energy, such as ATP.

  27. Light Independent Reactions • 1. CO2 is added to build larger molecules. • 2. A molecule of simple sugar is formed.

  28. The Equation for Photosynthesis • 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

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