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Introduction to Alternative Fuels Technology

Introduction to Alternative Fuels Technology. Why are we doing this ?. Future car. Is she driving an AFV?. Bio-what?. What kind of fuel are you using?. History. First Automobiles 1765 Richard Trevithick Steam 1847 Moses Farmer Electric 1863 E’ tienne Lenoir Internal Combustion

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Introduction to Alternative Fuels Technology

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  1. Introduction to Alternative Fuels Technology

  2. Why are we doing this ?

  3. Future car Is she driving an AFV?

  4. Bio-what? What kind of fuel are you using?

  5. History First Automobiles 1765 Richard Trevithick Steam 1847 Moses Farmer Electric 1863 E’ tienne Lenoir Internal Combustion 1898 Rudorf Diesel Diesel Compression 1902 M. Krieger Hybrid/Electric 1980 Ed Passerini Solar Car

  6. History 2 Automobile Performance 1851 Speed Record 19 mph Electric 1898 First Official Race 39 mph Electric 1899 Mile per Minute 60 mph Electric 1902 Electric’s Lose Lead 75 mph Steam 1906 100 Mile Barrier Broke 127 mph Steam

  7. The End of Cheap Oil

  8. The U.S. Accounts for 26% of World Oil Consumption and 9% of World Oil Production, but Has Only 2% of World Oil Reserves Petroleum

  9. Transportation Is Almost Entirely Dependent on Oil. It Accounts for 67% of U.S. Oil Use Now. This Will Increase Significantly in the Future Sector Use Source: EIA 2000

  10. Domestic Oil Production Heavy Trucks Millions of Barrels per Day Light Trucks Passenger Vehicles Automobiles U.S. Highway Transportation Uses More Oil Than Is Produced Domestically Transportation Use Source: EIA 2000

  11. The Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 (CAAA) EPA • Improve air quality by reducing mobile source pollutants with cleaner fuels • Purchase LEVs in Clean Fuel Fleet Program • Metropolitan Statistical Areas of 250,000 or greater in non-attainment • Centrally fueled fleets of 10 or more vehicles • State, federal, and fuel provider fleets for 70% of fleet for <8,500 GVWR and 50% of fleet up to 26,000 GVWR • New acquisitions since 1999

  12. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT) DOE • Reduce oil consumption through alternative fuel infrastructure implement and acquisition of LEVs alternative fuel vehicles • Metropolitan Statistical Areas of 250,000 or greater • Centrally fueled fleets of 20 or more vehicles less than 8,500 lbs • State, federal, and fuel provider fleets, 75%, 75%, and 90% respectively • New acquisitions since 1997

  13. What are Alternative Fuels? Definition Fuels that are substantially non-petroleum and yield energy security and environmental benefits.

  14. What are Alternative Fuels? Defined by EPA, Recognized by DOE Natural Gas – Compressed or Liquefied Propane/Liquefied Petroleum Gas Ethanol (denatured, E-5, E-85, ) Methanol (M-85) Electricity and Hybrid Electric Biodiesel (B100 neat, B20, B5) Hydrogen (ICE and Fuel Cell)

  15. Clean Cities also promotes • Idle reduction • Fuel economy • Conservation activities • Mass Transportation • Share a ride • Hybrid/electric.

  16. Niche Markets have potential

  17. Bio-fuel Production • Ethanol plant in Bartow • Alcohol and gasoline • Biodiesel plant in Lakeland • Vegetable oil and petro-diesel

  18. Ethanol • Flexible Fuel Vehicle • E85 or E5 percentage Ethanol to gasoline • Dodge, Chrysler, Ford, GM, BMW

  19. Biodiesel • B100 neat, B20, B10, B5 • Percentage vegetable oil to diesel

  20. Plug-ins

  21. Electric Vehicle

  22. Charging • Toyota Rav4 Electric Vehicle charging at Photovoltaic powered utility integrated system in New Syrmra

  23. Solar Car Photovoltaics, battery and electric motor powered electric vehicle

  24. Hybrid – Electric and Gasoline • Toyota • Honda • Ford

  25. Neighborhood Electric Vehicle NEV • GEM Chrysler and Station

  26. GAS • Compress Natural Gas CNG • Liquefied Natural Gas LNG • Propane – LPG • Dedicated and Bi-fuel • GM and Toyota

  27. Hydrogen • Fuel Cell with electric drive • Internal Combustion Engine

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