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Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions. Liang Jing. Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Tampere, Finland. Liang Jing p 01_12 25.02.2003. Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions. Introduction to the Problem.
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Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Liang Jing Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Tampere, Finland Liang Jing p 01_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Introduction to the Problem • Time pressure conditioning and user performance [1, 9] • Decision making under different time conditions [4, 3] • Decision making and ergonomic aspects of the subjective time [2, 5] Liang Jing p 02_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Background • The time duration of key pressing is one way to allot dual functions on a single key. (mobile phones, themode for input the same character is used in mobile phones • Excessive delay of information sharing will deteriorate the quality of distributed decision making and cause emotional arousal (e.g. annoyance and anger, or lose their patience.) • Working without any delay will lead to stress and increased mental workload to users [10] Liang Jing p 03_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Objectives in General • Research the strategy and features of localization behaviour under time pressure • To study different situations and dynamics of user activity, stipulated by temporal parameters of the computer environment • Designing of techniques for evaluation of user behavior under time pressure conditions • How to reduce the complexity of the decision-making and to save time in urgent conditions Liang Jing p 04_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Research Method • To study different situations and dynamics of user activity, stipulated by temporal parameters of software environment. • Usability evaluation of user activity under different time conditions and communication with computer through typing on virtual keyboard – limited time of a choice per character cyclic text entry (single-button manipulation) – temporal window Liang Jing p 05_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Text Entry Testing Experimental Setup: • Software should provide: virtual keyboard and possibility to control by temporal parameters: waiting time* per character reaction time errors counting • IBM PC • Sound output • Mouse input * http://unipen.nici.kun.nl/7th.iwfhr.2000/proceedings/pdf/poster-001-GarethLoudon.pdf Liang Jing p 06_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Cyclic Synthesis Experimental Setup: • Software should provide: special input techniques through single-button manipulation and possibility to control by temporal parameters: waiting time* per segment reaction time errors counting • IBM PC • Sound output Liang Jing p 07_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Schedule Liang Jing p 08_12 25.02.2003
Cyclic Synthesis Test Entry testing Test Plan Liang Jing p 09_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Expected Results Dynamics for user performance under time pressure conditioning will be evaluated through two techniques and the next parameters: reaction time per character or segment a number of errors Liang Jing p 10_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Prospective applications • Understanding of the phenomenon of changing the subjective time • Typing under time pressure /predictive systems (T9, Dasher) • Time required (difference) between visual response and audio response • Algorithms and methods for detection of individual temporal parameters during designing process of dynamic multimodal interfaces • Adaptive interaction techniques for people with special needs Liang Jing p 11_12 25.02.2003
Text Input Under Time Pressure Conditions Reference • Amold, V., Hayne, S., Smith, C., and Sutton, S. 1996. Audio Group Decision Making: The Impact of time Pressure and Group Support Systems, working paper. • Andrews, F. M. and G. F. Farris, 1972, Time pressure and performance of scientists and engineers: a five-year panel study, Organisational Behaviour and Human Performance, 8, 2, October, 185-200. • Evreinov, G., Raisamo, R. Cyclic Input of Characters through a Single Button Manipulation. . In Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2002, Linz, Austria, 15-20 July. J.Klaus, K.Miesenberger, W. L. Zagler (Eds.), LNCS Vol. 2398, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002, pp. 259-266. • Hayne, S. and Smith, C.A.P. Decision-Making Under Time Pressure: An investigation of decision speed and decision quality of computer supported groups. AIS Conference, 1996. Available at: http://www.speedofheat.com/hayne/time/ais96_tp.pdf • Mann, L. and Tan, Ch. The Hassled Decision Maker: The Effects of Perceived Time Pressure on Information Processing in Decision Making. Australian Journal of Management, V. 18(2) December, 1993, The University of New South Wales, Available at: http://www.agsm.unsw.edu.au/eajm/9312/mann.html • Matiasek, J., Baroni, M. and Trost, H. FASTY – A Multi-lingual Approach to Text Prediction. In Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2002, Linz, Austria, 15-20 July. J.Klaus, K.Miesenberger, W. L. Zagler (Eds.), LNCS Vol. 2398, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2002, pp. 243-250. • Wu Jing-Ling, Nobuki, O. and Sakai, Y. Human Characteristic on Phase Discrimination between Visual and Auditory Sine-Wave Stimuli. Available at: http://www.sccs.chukyo-u.ac.jp/ICCS/olp/o1-11/o1-11.htm • Zagler, W.I. Matching Typing Persons and Intelligent Interfaces. In Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2002, Linz, Austria, 15-20 July. J.Klaus, K.Miesenberger, W. L. Zagler (Eds.), LNCS Vol. 2398, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002, p. 242. • Fabre, J., Howard, S. and Smith, R. Designing time at the user interface. Behaviour & Information Technology, 2000, Vol. 19(6), 451-463. • Billard, E.A. and Pasquale, J.C. Effects of Periodic Communication on Distributed Decision-Making, IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, New York, 1993. (cit. on Wang, E., Caldwell, B and Zhang, K. Time Delay Tolerance in Computer Supported Cooperative Work. In Proc. of WWDU 2002 – World Wide Work, Berchtesgaden, May 22-25, 2002. Germany. p. 199.) Liang Jing p 01_12 25.02.2003