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TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES. Dr . Fitri Octavianti 12 th June 2013. Orthodontic Appliances. Removable appliances Functional appliances Fixed appliances. REMOVABLE APPLIANCES. Appliances can be inserted and removed from the mouth by the patient.

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TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

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  1. TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES Dr . FitriOctavianti 12th June 2013

  2. Orthodontic Appliances • Removable appliances • Functional appliances • Fixed appliances

  3. REMOVABLE APPLIANCES • Appliances can be inserted and removed from the mouth by the patient

  4. Component of removable appliance • Active component • Retentive component • Anchorage • Baseplate

  5. Active components

  6. Active component of Removable Appliances • Springs, bows • Screws • Elastics

  7. Active component of Removable Appliances Z-Spring • 0.5 mm diameter SS • Function: proclination of 1 or 2 incisors

  8. Active component of Removable Appliances T-Spring • 0.5 mm diameter SS= incisors • 0.6 mm diameter SS=premolars • Function: proclination of incisors, premolars

  9. Active component of Removable Appliances Finger /palatal spring • 0.5 mm diameter SS= incisors • 0.6 mm diameter SS= canine and premolars • Function: mesial or distal movement

  10. Active component of Removable Appliances Labial Bow • 0.7 mm diameter SS • Function: retraction of anterior teeth

  11. Active component of Removable Appliances Split Labial Bow • 0.7 mm diameter SS • Function: Retraction of anterior teeth • and close midline diastema

  12. Active component of Removable Appliances Robert Retractor • 0.5 mm diameter SS + sleeve • Function: retraction of anterior teeth

  13. Active component of Removable Appliances Buccal canine retractor • 0.7 mm diameter SS • Function: Palatal and distal movement • of mesially angulated canines

  14. Active component of Removable Appliances Coffin spring • 1.25 mm diameter SS • Function: transverse expansion, • buccalcrossbite correction

  15. Active component of Removable Appliances Screw Function: Expansion and distalization Activation: 1 turn / week = 0.25mm (1/4 turn)

  16. ELASTICS Rubber or Latex rings Used in: • Extra oral traction • Inter-intramaxillary traction Patient cooperation

  17. Retentive components

  18. Types of Clasps 1. Adams Clasps 2. Southend Clasps 3. Labial bow 4. Ball-ended Clasps 5. Delta Clasps

  19. Retentive component of Removable Appliances Adams clasps • 0.7 mm diameter SS on molars • 0.6 mm SS on premolars, canine and deciduous molar

  20. Retentive component of Removable Appliances Southend clasps • 0.7 mm diameter SS Function: Useful when distal movement of canines required

  21. Retentive component of Removable Appliances Labial bow • 0.7 mm diameter SS • Function: • Retention • important when mesial / distal • movement is planned

  22. Retentive component of Removable Appliances Labial bow Short labial bow Long labial bow

  23. Ball- ended Clasps • Undercut interproximally • minimal retention • 0.7 mm diameter SS

  24. Delta Clasps • 0.7 mm diameter SS • Difficult to adjust

  25. Anchorage Definition: the resistance to unwanted tooth movement • equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

  26. Types of intra oral Anchorage • Simple • Reciprocal • Stationary • Intermaxillary

  27. Types of INTRA ORAL Anchorage SimpleAnchorage Active movement of few teeth versus several anchor teeth

  28. Types of intra oral Anchorage ResiprocalAnchorage When two teeth or two sets of teeth move to an equal extent in an opposite direction

  29. Types of intra oral Anchorage Stationary Anchorage Bodily movement of one group of teeth against tipping of another

  30. Types of intra oral Anchorage Intermaxillary Anchorage When the anchorage units situated in one jaw used to provide the force required to move teeth in the opposing jaw

  31. Baseplate 1. Hold components 2. Clear acrylic : - heat cure - cold cure - autoresin 3. Comfortable 4. Good fit 5. Can be active - biteplanes

  32. Baseplate Posterior biteplanes Anterior biteplanes

  33. FUNCTIONAL APPLIANCES Removable or fixed orthodontic appliances which use forces generated by the stretching of muscles, fascia, and /or periodontium to alter skeletal and dental relationships

  34. TYPE OF CASE • For correction of moderate to severe Class II div I and Class II div 2 • Less for correction of Class III due to much lower success

  35. INDICATIONS PATIENT • Growing patient • Motivated patient DENTAL • Classic case: uncrowded, well aligned • Functional appliance have non-mechanism for treating irregularities of alignment of teeth SKELETAL • Moderate to severe Class II skeletal base • Normal to low MMPA

  36. CONTRA INDICATIONS • Non-growing • Non compliance • Labial tipping of lower incisors • Care needed with: • High angle cases with backward mandibular growth rotation • Cases with proclined lower incisors

  37. TYPES OF FUNCTIONAL APPLIANCE • TWIN BLOCK • THE ANDRESEN ACTIVATOR • THE HARVOLD ACTIVATOR • HERBST APPLIANCE • MEDIUM OPENING ACTIVATOR • BIONATOR • FRANKEL APPLIANCE • Others

  38. Twin block appliance • The upper and lower parts fit together using posterior bite blocks with interlocking biteplanes which posture the mandible forward

  39. The Andresen Activator

  40. Herbst Appliance • A fix-functional appliance.

  41. Bionator • Minimal bulk

  42. The Frankle Appliance • Is a functional regulator and uses shield. • Complex, uncomfortable, rapid changes if worn properly. • Three main variants: • FR1: Class II div 1 • FR2: Class II div2 • FR3: Class III

  43. WEAR • 12-14 hrs-Andresen, Harvold, Bionator • Full-time- twin block, Herbst, Frankel (except for eating and sports)

  44. FIXED APPLIANCES appliance which is fixed to teeth and cannot be removed by the patient

  45. COMPONANTS OF FIXED APPLIANCE 1. Attachments include bands (especially on 1stand 2nd molars) & brackets bonded directly to the teeth (especially on anterior & premolar teeth) . 2.Axillaries(attach arch wire to brackets and bands to move teeth such as tubes, hooks and elastics 3. Arch wires are attached to the brackets by bending the wire, it will give force and pressure that cause teeth to move in the desired direction .

  46. E G A C D F B A. Bracket E. Hook B. Arch wire F. Tube C. Elastomeric modules G. Band D. Elastic

  47. Full banding braces

  48. Metal bracket

  49. Plastic brackets Plastic brackets with metal slot

  50. Ceramic brackets

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