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Dry Atmospheric Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure

Dry Atmospheric Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure. Po 2 159.0 torr Pco 2 0.3 torr P N 2 600.6 torr. Inspired Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure. P I o 2 149.0 torr P I co 2 0.3 torr P I N 2 564.0 torr

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Dry Atmospheric Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure

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  1. Dry Atmospheric Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure • Po2 159.0 torr • Pco2 0.3 torr • PN2 600.6 torr

  2. Inspired Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure • PIo2 149.0 torr • PIco2 0.3 torr • PIN2 564.0 torr • PIH2O 47.0 torr

  3. Alveolar Gas at Standard Barometric Pressure • PAo2 104.0 torr • PAco2 40.0 torr • PAN2 569.0 torr • PAH2O 47.0 torr

  4. ALVEOLAR AIR EQUATION PACO2 PAO2 = PIO2 - + F R PACO2 PAO2 = FIO2 2 R ( PB - PH O) -

  5. Mixed Expired Air at Standard Barometric Pressure • PEo2 120.0 torr • PEco2 27.0 torr • PEN2 566.0 torr • PEH2O 47.0 torr

  6. Solubility of O2 in Plasma At 37°C 1 ml of plasma contains 0.00003 ml O2 / torr PO2

  7. O2 Carrying Capacity of Hemoglobin 1 gram of hemoglobin can combine with 1.34ml of oxygen when fully saturated

  8. O2 bound to Hb % Hb saturation = x 100% O2 capacity of Hb

  9. Pco2 ,  pH temp,  BPG 100 80  Pco2 ,  pH  temp,  BPG 60 Hemoglobin saturation, % 50% 40 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 P50 Partial pressure of oxygen, torr

  10. CYANOSIS • Occurs when more than 5 grams of hemoglobin/100 ml of arterial blood are in the “deoxy” state • Absence of cyanosis does not rule out hypoxemia (anemia) • Presence of cyanosis does not always indicate hypoxemia (polycythemia)

  11. Solubility of CO2 in Plasma At 37°C 1 ml of plasma contains 0.03 mmol of CO2 / torr Pco2 Or 0.0006 ml of CO2 / torr Pco2

  12. H COO- H H R - N + CO2 R - N + H+ Terminal amine group Carbamino compound Carbamino Compound

  13. Transport of CO2 by the Blood CO2 (Gas phase) Carbonic Anhydrase _ CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3 (Dissolved in the aqueous phase)

  14. TISSUE PLASMA ERYTHROCYTE CO2 CO2 dissolved CO2 H2O + CO2 H2O CO2 Carbonic anhydrase dissolved H2CO3 Cl- Cl- CAPILLARY WALL HCO3- HCO3- + H+ H+ + HbO2 O2 O2 O2 + HHb HHb+CO2 O2 Carbamino compounds

  15. ALVEOLUS PLASMA ERYTHROCYTE CO2 CO2 dissolved CO2 H2O + CO2 H2O CO2 Carbonic anhydrase dissolved H2CO3 Cl- Cl- CAPILLARY WALL HCO3- HCO3- + H+ H+ + HbO2 O2 O2 O2 + HHb HHb+CO2 O2 Carbamino compounds

  16. Pvo2 Cvo2 A Classification of the Causes of Hypoxia Increased FIo2 helpful? PAo2 Pao2 Cao2 Classification Hypoxic hypoxia Low alveolar Po2 Diffusion impairment Right to left shunts V/Q mismatch Anemic hypoxia CO poisoning Hypoperfusion hypoxia Histotoxic hypoxia Low Norm Norm Norm Norm Norm Norm Norm Low Low Low Low Norm Norm Norm Norm Low Low Low Low Low Low Norm Norm Low Low Low Low Low Low Low High Low Low Low Low Low Low Low High Yes Yes No Yes No Possibly No No

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