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ConX – XEUS meeting Panu Helistö, Mikko Kiviranta

ConX – XEUS meeting Panu Helistö, Mikko Kiviranta. Utrecht, 26-27.10.2004. VTT Board. Thin film technology. TTE Board. VTT Electronics. Microelectronics. MEMS Sensors. VTT Information Technology. Microsensing. RF Sensors. VTT Industrial Systems. Tele- communications. Quantronics.

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ConX – XEUS meeting Panu Helistö, Mikko Kiviranta

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  1. ConX – XEUS meetingPanu Helistö, Mikko Kiviranta Utrecht, 26-27.10.2004

  2. VTT Board Thin film technology TTE Board VTT Electronics Microelectronics MEMS Sensors VTT Information Technology Microsensing RF Sensors VTT Industrial Systems Tele- communications Quantronics VTT Processes Networks Optical Sensors VTT Biotechnology Information Systems Biosensors VTT Building and Transport Media Microsensing Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) Human Interaction Technologies Information Technology (TTE)

  3. Quantronics Heikki Seppä Panu Helistö Juha Hassel Mikko Kiviranta Arttu Luukanen (at NIST until mid2005) Antti Niskanen Jari S Penttilä Hannu Sipola Topics Superconducting sensors, electronics and standards (SQUID, Josephson voltage, bolometers) Mesoscopic electronics (BOT, sluice Cooper pair pump) Optimised and integrated readout electronics (e.g. for MEMS sensors and bolometers) R&D projects related to electricity metrology STJ detectors (X-ray for ESTEC, protein flight-time mass spectroscopy) Quantronics and thin film technology Thin film technology • Ilkka Suni • Markku Ylilammi • Leif Grönberg • Clean room technicians • 1700 m2 class 10/100 clean room

  4. SQUID Superconducting ring, inner diameter ~ 2 mm Josephson tunnel junctions Bias current Amplified signal is fed into the readout electronics Magnetic field in the loop changes the phase of the quantum wave function and changes the current through the ring Quantronics SQUID sensors • Almost 20 year background in SQUID applications • Novel SQUID and readout concepts: unSQUID, hgSQUID, noise cancellation,… • Industrial standard SQUID process • World leader in biomagnetic SQUIDs • SQUID - ‘ideal’ for reading out cryogenic calorimeter and bolometer signals – (low4 power, impedance, noise, temperature) • SQUID(superconducting quantum interference device) is the most sensitive magnetic field sensor

  5. Comparison of multiplexing methods for TES calorimeter readout • Extensive theoretical evaluation in collaboration with SRON (mostly unpublished work) • Conclusions: Frequency Division Multiplexing better than Time Division Multiplexing due to better scalability (in bolometer mode both are equal) • XEUS requirements difficult but feasible from readout point of view

  6. SQUID readout for TES calorimeters mK SQUID design for XEUS X03 TRP

  7. SQUID readout for TES calorimeters: dcSQUID Washer SQUID • Flux noise about 0.1 0 / Hz at 0.4 K

  8. SQUID readout for TES calorimeters: unSQUID (a) Schematics of the damping circuit for the un SQUID. (b) Chip carrier with the SQUID chip and SMD components. (c) The time trace of the SQUID current taken in the negative-resistance region indicates stable operation without parasitic oscillation. Potentially lower noise, improved impedance matching

  9. SQUID readout for TES calorimeters: arraySQUID Arrays SQUID • Flux noise about 0.35 0 / Hz with direct RT readout

  10. Low noise SQUID readout for multiplexing applications: bolometer readout • THz-range 4 K superconducting bolometer • Optimized, FDM compatible SQUID readout • Photon limited noise at room temperature • NEP < 5 fW/Hz1/2 • => NETD <~ 10 mK/Hz1/2 • => DTres ~ 0.3 K @1 kHz • => video rate imaging feasible Univ. Jkl

  11. Low noise SQUID readout for multiplexing applications: bolometer readout Room temperature LNA • 5 MHz center frequency • Noise temperature 26 K @ 50 Ohm SQUID amplifier • input current noise 2 pA/Hz1/2 • => bolometer noise limited, 2 fW/Hz1/2

  12. Low noise SQUID readout for multiplexing applications Room temperature AC LNA Flow cryostat with optical windows

  13. XEUS/FDM readout challenges • Amplifier reading out the TES • Noise temperature <= 100 mK @ 10 MHz (SQUID) • Post-SQUID next stage easily dominates noise • AC biasing/multiplexing • Low impedance levels: very high Q-value filters required • Dynamic range/linearity • Idle current cancellation • Neg-FB with high loop gain when cable delay is present  FB at baseband, non-standard loop filters. • Effect of higher harmonics • Crosstalk • Others • Count rate/pileup management • …

  14. Work division in ConX/XEUS technology development Different possibilities • Instrument1: ESA • Instrument2: USA • TDM based path • FDM based path • calorimeter1 SQUID1+LNA1 FDM • calorimeter2 (SQUID2)+LNA2 TDM • etc

  15. Finland contribution to XEUS/ConX technology • mK SQUID + LNA amplifiers, optimized to calorimeters • FDM(/TDM) electronics development

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