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An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe

International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef - Bonn. An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe. Dr. Michael Erb Managing Director AOPA-Germany. An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe. General Aviation (GA) in Europe Definition Statistics Who is AOPA?

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An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe

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  1. International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef - Bonn An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe Dr. Michael Erb Managing Director AOPA-Germany

  2. An Analysis of General Aviation in Europe • General Aviation (GA) in Europe • Definition • Statistics • Who is AOPA? • GA´s Economic and Social Benefits • Economy – Business Travel • Ecology • Infrastructure • Technology Transfer • Security 3.GA´s Perspectives 4.Jobs in GA

  3. General Aviation Definition • General Aviation is all civilian flying except for Scheduled Passenger and Cargo Airlines, or expressed in a positive way: • It´s Personal Air Traffic, just like driving a vehicle on the streets for most different non-scheduled purposes

  4. AOPA-Germany´s Objectives • Promoting and Defending GA´s interests • Advocacy • News and Consultancy for Members • Information • Keeping Safety Standards High • Flight Training • AOPA-Germany has 24.000 members, the parent organisation IAOPA is with 450.000 members the biggest pilots´ association worldwide. www.aopa.de

  5. Private Travel

  6. Business Travel

  7. Taxi Commercial on Demand Transport

  8. Just Fun – Destination Unimportant

  9. Sports Competition

  10. Motorsports

  11. Driver´s and Pilot´s School

  12. Law Enforcement

  13. Firefighting

  14. Ambulance

  15. Agriculture

  16. Parcel Service

  17. Off Road / Off Runway

  18. Crane and Skycrane

  19. Oldtimer

  20. Leisure and Education for the Youth

  21. Statistics I GA, is it mainly “Hobby-Aviation?“ Revenues p.y.: 980 mio. €, 5% of Total Civil Aviation with 20 bn. € Jobs: 7.200, 8% of Total Civil Aviation with 90.000 Figures for Germany, Estimate for Europe = factor 5 = 5 bn. € Revenues AOPA-Data

  22. Statistics II Aircraft and Airfields 46.900 GA-Aircraft vs. ~ 4.000 Airliners 3.000 GA Airfields vs. ~ 450 Airports for Airlines Small Aircraft and Safety Well maintained aircraft and well trained pilots produce a high safety standard: With 100 Take Offs per year a deadly accident can be expected in average after 625 years.

  23. 2. GA´s Economical and Social Benefits • Focus on Business Aviation • Trends in European Business Travel • More and more Markets have a European dimension • The ability to reach market partners and to be reached is an important factor for success • Railway and Road-Traffic are on longer distances too slow • Companies with European markets locate themselves in areas with International Airports and leave remote areas • New Media like teleconferences can substitute business travel to a certain extend, but not fully

  24. What can GA offer in Business Travel? • GA saves time because: • It is fast! • - between 200 and 800km/h on the direct line • It is quick to reach! • - reduced check-in times at regional airports • - a much tighter net of access points than airlines (350/40 in Germany, 3000/450 in Europe), consequently reduced feeder-times especially in remote areas • It doesn´t let you wait! • - Because of GA´s flexibility as an individual means of • transportation, travel times can be chosen on demand, • without the need for time-buffers and waiting • Trave time is value time! • - GA allows undisturbed work and meetings on board

  25. Cologne - Paris - London, with 2 h stays, can be done with the airlines in ca.14 h, other means of transportation can hardly compete Magdeburg Cologne – Magdeburg -Brno, with 2 h stays, can´t be done with airlines only

  26. Ways to use GA aircraft • Rental with/without crew • Like a Taxi or a rented car • Sharing of an aircraft with/without crew • Fractional Ownership (e.g. Netjets) • Full Ownership of an aircraft • With a paid crew or “Self-Flying Businessman“

  27. How to identify the optimum means of transportation • Saved time and an enlarged market range alone do not justify an expensive means of transportation. • It depends on what the traveller does with the saved time and the increased mobility. • The “value added“ per time is the key factor. Not only high Executives produce a high added value, but also specialists in urgent cases.

  28. Assumptions for the quantification of the “Traveltime-Effect“: A typical enterprise uses GA aircraft together with cars, railways and airlines. Findings of a 2001 aircraft user study. Quantity: 75 journeys p.y. over 500 km- distance with 3,7 passengers Saved Working Time: 1.943 hrs with car als alternative, (7 hrs per journey x 3,7 x 75) Value Added: Average of “Opportunity Costs“ 250 €/h/pax, 250 h x 1.943 €/h = € 485.000 total, GA´s cost-disadvantage: € 117.000 p.y. or 0,42 €/pkm Resulting “Traveltime“ Benefit:368.000 € p.y. or 4.900 € per journey, which is factor 4,5 of the amount invested in GA. The “Break-Even“ of GA usage is obviously lower. Not regarded are the value of an geographically increased market and the ability to work on board.

  29. Assumptions for the quantification of the “Location Effect“: A central and a remote location for an industrial company with 700 employees differ only in the below factors: Labour Cost: According to the spread between Hessen and Sachsen-Anhalt, 23 vs. 17 €/h, with 700 employees and 1.600 hrs Monthly Rental: € 13 vs. € 8,50 per m² Taxes: Example of the “Gewerbesteuer“-leverage of 450% vs. 350% Costs for GA: 800 flight-hrs with €1.000/h in addition to other travel expenses

  30. Evaluation of the “Location Effect“: The location Effect can have an even higher influence than the „Traveltime Effect“. It´s a real phenomenon: Companies like Viessmann in Allendorf and Würth in Schwäbisch-Hall take systematically advantage of this effect by operating their own airfield and fleet of business-aircraft, far away from any central area and airport.

  31. GA´s Infrastructure Egelsbach,1.400m RWY, 80.000 mvmts. p.y., satellite airfield of FRA Airfield operating costs p.y. vary between 250&500 k €, revenues via landing and user fees With the costs for 1 km of ICE tracks = 20 mio. EUR, 4 “sports aviation airstrips“ can be built to “business standard“ airfields with a weather independent instrument approach Engpässe: IFR-Verfahren, FoF , Runway-Länge

  32. Technology Transfer 1) 1977: Learjet Model 28/29, first production jet aircraft to utilize winglets. Winglets, introduced by GA, today reduce fuel consumption of airliners by 5-7%! In Germany GA burns 50 Mio. liters fuel p.y., the Airlines 12. bn. liters, 240 times more. So GA´s Winglets save five times more fuel in the Airlines than GA consumes in total!

  33. Technology Transfer 2) Boeing´s first aircraft powered by a fuel cell was a Diamond Aircraft “Super-Dimona“ Motor-Glider in spring 2008 In Brasil hundreds of Embraer EMB 202 Aircraft fly Agricultural Missions with pure Bio-Ethanol

  34. Technology Transfer 3) GA aircraft manufacturers like Cirrus, Diamond and Lancair have a long and successful tradition of building all composite aircraft … … whereas Boeing´s all composite 787 has not even completed its maiden flight.

  35. GA EcologyAre GA Aircraft just noisy fuel-burners? • Airfields remain below all Noise Limitations for German Airports (Flughäfen), Streets and Railroads • With modern Diesel engines a DA40 TDI consumes only 2,5l / 100 Pkm, less than a modern Boeing 747-400 with 3,7l • A “classic“ Socata TB20 consumes 4,2l /100 PKM

  36. GA Security, is there a threat? W = ½ mc², so 1.200 Cessna 172s are needed to create the kinetic energy of a single Boeing 767 like at 9/11

  37. An International Comparison • GA revenues in the USA: 100 bn. USD p.a. = 250 EUR per Citizen, Trend: Rising • and in Germany: 980 mio. EUR p.a. = 12 EUR per Citizen, only 4,8% of USA, Trend: Falling, except Business Sector Why?

  38. Area: • Europe = 7% bigger • Citizens: • Europe = 70% more • GDP: • Per Citizen almost identical

  39. International Distribution of GA GA density in Aircraft / 1 Mio. Citizens Population Density in Citizens / Square Kilometer

  40. 3. GA´s perspectivesWhat will come? • GA will not be a means of mass transportation, but it can occupy an important and growing niche in transportation • Very Light Jets will significantly expand the market, reach new target groups • New Fuels and Engines will improve ecology • New Avionics and ATM-Technolgies will improve safety and efficiency

  41. What does GA need? • Acceptance of GA as an ordinary means of transportation • Reduction of Bureaucratic Overhead: GA in USA has less but strict regulation, better economy, and even better safety records. A challenge for EASA! • Adequate Network of weather independent GA Airfields • Simplification of IFR-Courses in Europe, in the USA 53% of pilots hold an IFR-Rating, in Europe only 4% • Implementation of Satellite Navigation Procedures for Approaches and En-Route

  42. 4. Jobs in Germany´s GA • Maintenance and Production 3.070 • Flight Schools 900 • Airfields 1.050 • Air Taxi 1.250 • Police + Border Patrol 600 • Corporate Aviation ~1.000 Total: ~7.200

  43. Thank you very much for your audience!

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