The American Revolution (1775 to 1783)

1. The American Revolution (1775 to 1783) Chapter 1 Section 2

2. North America in 1750

3. The French & Indian War (1756 to 1763)

4. Was 1763 a "turning point" in British-colonial relationships???

5. 1754  The First Clash The Ohio Valley British French Fort Necessity Fort Duquesne* George Washington * Delaware & Shawnee Indians

6. British-American Colonial Tensions Methods ofFighting: • Indian-style guerilla tactics. • March in formation or bayonet charge. MilitaryOrganization: • Col. militias served under own captains. • Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. MilitaryDiscipline: • No mil. deference or protocols observed. • Drills & tough discipline. Finances: • Resistance to rising taxes. • Colonists should pay for their own defense. Demeanor: • Casual, non-professionals. • Prima Donna Br. officers with servants & tea settings.

7. 1757  William Pitt Becomes Foreign Minister • He understood colonial concerns. • He offered them a compromise: - col. loyalty & mil. cooperation-->Br. would reimburse col. assemblies for their costs. -Lord Loudoun would be removed. RESULTS? Colonial morale increased by 1758.

8. 1758-1761  The Tide Turns for England *By 1761, Sp. has become an ally of Fr.

9. 1763  Treaty of Paris France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River. Spain -->got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England. England -->got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.

10. Effects of the War on Britain? 1. It increased her colonial empire in the Americas. 2. It greatly enlarged England’s debt. 3. Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings. Therefore, England felt that amajor reorganization of her American Empire was necessary!

11. Effects of the War on the American Colonials 1.It united them against a common enemy for the first time. 2. It created a socializing experience for all the colonials who participated. 3. It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.

12. British Policies in the Colonies (1764-1774)

13. Colonists React • New Policies angered many Colonists • No Taxation without Representation • Protested by boycotting British Goods • Planned a United Response – First Continental Congress

14. A Plea for Peace • 1774 – Colonists Call for renewed boycott of British Goods • Colonists made a direct appeal to King George III outlining their grievances. • King George viewed the Colonies in a state of Rebellion • Americans began to gather guns and Ammunition.

15. The American Revolution: 1775-1783

16. Military Strategies The Americans The British • Attrition [the Brits had a long supply line]. • Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war  you don’t have to win a battle, just wear the British down] • Make an alliance with one of Britain’s enemies. • Break the colonies in half by getting between the No. & the So. • Blockade the ports to prevent the flow of goods and supplies from an ally. • “Divide and Conquer”  use the Loyalists.

17. “The Shot Heard Round the World” Fighting at Lexington and Concord

18. Second Continental Congress • Met less than a month after Lexington and Concord • Created the Continental Army led by George Washington • Drafted an “Olive Branch” Petition • King George III Refused the Petition and declared the Colonies to be in open rebellion

19. Declaration of Independence • Written by Thomas Jefferson • List of Grievances against Britain • Designed to cut ties with Great Britain • “Inalienable Rights”

20. The Battle of Yorktown (1781) The Final Battle • After many years and many battles the war came down to ONE BATTLE • After the Patriot victory at the Battle of Saratoga the France agree to join the Patriots

21. The Battle of Yorktown (1781) The Final Battle Count de Rochambeau AdmiralDe Grasse

22. North America After theTreaty of Paris, 1783

23. The Effects of the Revolution?