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The American Revolution 1775-1783. Chapter 5. Second Continental Congress. all agreed to support the war, but argued over purpose. Second Continental Congress (cont.). Olive Branch Petition ”(7/5/1775) and the “ Declaration of the causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms ” (7/6/1775).
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The American Revolution 1775-1783 Chapter 5
Second Continental Congress • all agreed to support the war, but argued over purpose
Olive Branch Petition”(7/5/1775) and the “Declaration of the causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms” (7/6/1775)
Olive Branch Petition (cont.) • British recruited African Slaves, Indians and foreign mercenaries known as “Hessians”
Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” • Became a best seller
Decision of Independence • 1776 Actions of Continental Congress
Three Parts of the Declaration of Independence • Part 1: • Part 2:
*Fake Smile* Articles of Confederation • Adopted by CC in 1777, but not finally ratified until 1781
George Washington • Nominated to command 1775
Phases of Warfare: New England 1775-1776 • Bunker Hill
Phases of Warfare: Mid-Atlantic Region 1776-1778 • British best chance to win
Phases of Warfare: The South • After French commitment, GB imposed new limits to its level of commitment in the war
Peace of Paris • Cornwallis’s defeat at Yorktown shifted popular opinion in England against the war...
Loyalists • 1/5 (maybe 1/3) of white population • some office holders
Religions • Anglicans • Quakers • Catholics • Church and State
Native Americans • “To most Indians, the revolution threatened to replace a ruling group in which they had developed at least some measure of trust (the British) with one they considered generally hostile to them (the Patriots).” Brinkley p. 170
Revolutionary Era Women • Departure of men to fight left women in charge of farms and businesses
Slavery • During Revolution • During Legislation
Daniel Shays • Early Financial Woes • Soldiers
Shay’s Rebellion • Absence of Central Government Daniel Shays and Job Shatuck, leaders of the Mass. Rebellion, aka Shay’s Rebellion Daniel Shay’s and his army of farmers protesting the unfair taxation, sitting in front of a court house in Mass. Before heading to the federal arsenal, with 1,200 men, later defeated by Washington and his force of 15,000
Shay’s Rebellion • Soldiers plight • Rebellion
Shay’s Rebellion • Effects • Demonstrated need for strong, central government