Biofuels

1. Biofuels

2. What are Biofuels? • combustible fuel produced from biomass • it’s organically produced & renewable energy sources that can replace conventional petroleum or fossil fuel based energy sources. • There are 3 types of Biofuels: • Bioethanol • Biodiesel • Fuel from waste

3. Production cycle

4. Bioethanol Bioethanol is ethanol (alcohol) that is derived entirely from the fermentation of plant starches. It is considered as an alternative to petroleum and diesel and its popularity is emerging as a fuel for cars – it is particularly well established in Brazil. The main sources required to produce ethanol come energy crops. • Corn • Waste straw • Popular trees • Sawdust • Canary grass • Cord grasses

5. Advantages of bioethanol • It comes from a renewable energy source • Blending bioethanol with petrol will extend the sustainability of oil supplies • Reduces the amount of carbon monoxide produced by motorized vehicles the emissions are of better air quality • It can be easily integrated into the existing road transport fuel system.

6. Biodiesel • Biodiesel is a clean burning alternative fuel to petroleum diesel (fossil diesel). • Biodiesel is biodegradable, non-toxic, and significantly reduces emission as compared to traditional petroleum diesel. • Biodiesel can be produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil/fats, tallow and waste cooking oil. Sources • Rapeseed • Coconut • Palm • Soybean • Waste vegetable oil from restaurants, chip shops, industrial food producers

7. Advantages of biodiesel • Biodiesel is not harmful to the environment emits less carbon emissions than regular petrol. • Your car could have a longer life span as biodiesel does not contain many impurities. • Biodiesel can homemade this makes it cheaper and waste oil is re-used to produce it. • Studies have shown that biodiesels produce 80-100% less carbon dioxide and almost 100% less sulphur dioxide emissions. • manufactured from renewable animal fat and plant oil raw materials, which is different from petroleum diesel derived from fossil fuels • Biodiesel requires agricultural outputs for its raw materials, and may help stimulate rural economies • Biodiesel easily decomposes biologically and in the case of an accident no harm is done to the soil or ground water. • Biodiesel has same transportation and dispensing requirements as petrodiesel

8. Disadvantages of Biofuels • A fear among environmentalists is that by using more land to produce crops for biofuels, more habitats will be lost for animals and wild plants • Biofuels production will affect the food production. • There is a limited number of locations where biofuels can be obtained from example refueling of cars. • Biofuels have a lower energy output than traditional fuels. • The process and machineries used to produce biofuels release a lot of carbon emissions. • Large quantities of water is used, and as water becomes more scarce biofuels might not be the alternate renewable energy source.

9. Why do we need biofuels? • Conventional fossil fuels are costing more to find and develop and are contributing to significant global environmental problems. • Conventional diesel (petroleum diesel) they still require a usage of fossil fuel, and petrodiesel can be 100% replaced by biodiesel

10. Figures • Every week the UK consumes well in excess of 1,500 tonnes of cooking oil • 100,000 tonnes of recoverable waste oil produced each year within the UK • Currently there are 5 commercial biodiesel producers in the UK. • A production of 110 million litres of biodiesel has been converted from all the waste vegetable oil. • A production of 18 million litres of pyrolysis oil (substitute for petroleum) • Biodiesel emits 40-60% reduction in carbon emissions

11. A bar chart to show an example of the consumption of biodiesel in Europe Union and the prediction for yearly demands.

12. More Benefits • Carbon emission cut down from 50% - 60% • The waste from biofuels is 50% methane which can be burnt to create more energy, and this can power 1.900 homes or you can save 305,000 barrels of oil • Biofuels uses waste products for energy, while other energy sources needs their natural resource in order to create energy. For example solar energy needs the sun and they need to manufacture a panel, while for biofuels you can take the wastes and convert that straight into diesels.

13. Why not use other sources of energy? • Solar power • Expensive (cost of equipment) • Large area needed for solar panels. • It is only useful during the day • Location of solar panels is important • Geothermal • Finding the right location • Power Stations are usually located near volcanoes. • Drilling deep down in the ground can cause harmful gases to escape • Wind power • Visual impact • Birds can be killed • It creates noise pollution • A lot of space is needed • Tidal power • Big project therefore it spoils the landscape and marine life. • It only functions when the tide goes up and back down. • Certain locations (rivers,coastlines,ocean)

14. Is Flower Power here to stay??YOU Decide.Thank you for listening =)

15. Bibliography • http://www.biofuelsb2b.com/biofuels_facts.php • http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Advantages-of-Using-Biodiesel-Fuel&id=285336 • http://www.info-biodiesel.com/How-To-Process-Biodiesel.html • http://www.themillbiofuels.com/id1.html • http://www.google.com • http://www.thegreencarwebsite.co.uk/biofuels.asp • http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-biofuels.html • http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/02-03/biofuels/what_are_biofuels.htm • http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Biofuels