Senior Design Proposal

1. Stevens Institute of Technology Mechanical Engineering Dept. Senior Design 2005~06 Wave Energy Power Generator Senior Design Proposal Date: October 6th, 2005 Advisor: Dr. Kishore Pochiraju Group 10: Biruk Assefa, Lazaro Cosma, Josh Ottinger, Yukinori Sato

2. Presentation Agenda • Project Background • Objective • Approach • State of the Art Review • QFD Analysis • Concepts • Budget • Project Deliverables • Conclusion Wave Energy Power Generator

3. Project Background • Importance of Renewable Energy • More environmentally conscious • Unlimited resource • Major Sources of Renewable Energy • Wind • Solar • Wave Wave Energy Power Generator

4. Renewable Energy Comparison Wave Energy has more potential than Wind and Solar Energies combined Wave Energy Densities (MW) Wave Energy Power Generator

5. Wave Energy Locations • Three locations • Shore • Near shore • Offshore • Offshore has the most potential energy • Focus on Offshore Device Wave Energy Power Generator

6. Advantages Sea waves have high energy densities Negligible demand on land use Ability to secure energy supplies in remote regions Limited negative environmental impact Disadvantages High structural loading in extreme weather conditions Potential navigation hazard to ships Offshore Wave Energy Wave Energy Power Generator

7. Project Scope/Objective • Product Description • Device that harnesses wave energy in off-shore locations to generate electrical power • Key Business Goals • Develop and test novel design concept • Proof of concept for wave energy power generator • Possibly at industrial (power grid) level scale • Primary Market • Sensor buoys utilized by many military agencies • Secondary Markets • Public and private research institutions • Boating and recreation • Industrial scale power generation • Assumptions and Constraints • Must withstand harsh conditions • Must be partially or fully submerged in water • Be able to charge batteries (12~24Vdc) Wave Energy Power Generator

8. Approach • Pre-Project Planning • Identify Opportunities, Evaluate Project, Allocate resources • Identify Needs / Product Specification • Customer Needs, Metrics, Target Values • Competitive Analysis • Concept Generation • Concept Classification Table • Concept Screening and Scoring • Final Concept Selection • Product Architecture / Design of Product • Geometric layout, Identify interactions, 3D CAD Model, Manufacturability and Assembly • Concept Testing • Engineering Cost Analysis Wave Energy Power Generator

9. Disciplines of Interest • Mechanical Engineering • Dynamics & Machine Components • Power and Energy • Ocean Engineering • Wave Energy Analysis • Systems Engineering • Requirements & Integration • Electrical Engineering • Microcontroller & Circuits System Wave Energy Power Generator

10. State of the Art Review • Conducted interviews • Dr. Pochiraju – Design & Manufacturing Institute Director • Dr. Nazalewicz - Mechanical Engineering Professor • Mike Raftery - PhD. Student Ocean Engineering • Literature Search including articles and journals • Patent Search for components and concepts • Brainstorming – possible conceptual designs Wave Energy Power Generator

11. Patent Search Wave Power Devices Patent Number 5808368: Patent Number 539495: Patent Number 4462211: Rectifier Designs Patent Number 5931062: Patent Number 6719670: Wave Energy Power Generator

12. Powerbuoys Aquabuoy PS Frog Pelamis Existing Designs • Designs range from: • Complex turbine systems • Linear generator designs • Long floating devices • Conclusion: • If it can float, rotate, or oscillate it is a potential design Wave Energy Power Generator

13. Major Problems / Concerns • Economic feasibility • Maintenance and installation • Engineering challenges • Harness energy at a cost that is competitive • Efficiency • Adjusting natural frequency to wave frequency • Utilizing full wave motion / height for optimum power potential • Scalability Wave Energy Power Generator

14. QFD Analysis Wave Energy Power Generator

15. Target Values Wave Energy Power Generator

16. Mechanical Motion Mechanical Motion Wave Motion Motion Capturing Device Motion Conversion Device(s) Electricity Generating Device Electrical Energy Other Alternative Characteristics Buoy Spring-loaded Reel Mechanical Rectifier Inverted Reduction Device Rotary Generator Located Underwater 1. Located Above Water Bevel Gear Gear Box One-way clutch Belt Concept Groups CVT Buoy Crank Inverted Reduction Device Rotary Generator Located Underwater 2. Located Above Water Buoy Piston Direct Drive Linear Generator 3. Magnet Inside Magnet Outside Buoy Piston Fluidic Medium Turbine Rotary Generator 4. Pneumatic Open System Hydraulic Closed System Buoy Air Chamber Air Turbine Rotary Generator 5. Concepts Combination Table Wave Energy Power Generator

17. Concept Groups (1a & 1b) • Concept Group 1a • Reel, Mech. Rectifier, Reduction Device, and Rotary Generator • Concept Group 1b • Device integrated into buoy Wave Energy Power Generator

18. Concept Groups (2 & 3) • Concept Group 2 • Crank, Reduction Device, and Rotary Generator • Concept Group 3 • Piston and Direct Drive Linear Generator Wave Energy Power Generator

19. Concept Groups (4 & 5) • Concept Group 4 • Piston, Fluid, System of Valves, Turbine, and Rotary Generator • Concept Group 5 • Air Camber, Oscillating Air, Turbine, and Rotary Generator Wave Energy Power Generator

20. Project Budget Wave Energy Power Generator

21. Deliverables • Fall 2005 • Final Concept Design and Specifications • CAD Drawing and FEM Analysis • Control System Design • Final Project Budget • Spring 2006 • Working Prototype • Prototype Testing Analysis Wave Energy Power Generator

22. Gantt Chart Wave Energy Power Generator

23. Conclusion • What’s Next • Concept Evaluation and Selection • Designing the System • Focus on small scale device to harness wave energy for electrical power • Analyze concept for industrial scale feasibility Wave Energy Power Generator

24. Questions or Comments? ? Wave Energy Power Generator