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DNA Structure and Replication Review!

DNA Structure and Replication Review!. Test - Multiple Choice, Matching, Short Answer. What does DNA stand for?. D eoxyribo N ucleic A cid. What is the sugar named in DNA?. DEOXYRIBOSE 5-Carbon sugar. In the DNA Double Helix, the sugar is bonded to what molecule?. Phosphate group.

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DNA Structure and Replication Review!

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  1. DNA Structure and Replication Review! Test - Multiple Choice, Matching, Short Answer

  2. What does DNA stand for? • DeoxyriboNucleicAcid

  3. What is the sugar named in DNA? • DEOXYRIBOSE • 5-Carbon sugar

  4. In the DNA Double Helix, the sugar is bonded to what molecule? • Phosphate group

  5. Follow up question – what is the bond that holds the sugar and phosphate together?!? • Covalent bonds

  6. Phosphate and sugar are bonded together. What is then bonded to the sugar molecule? • Nitrogenous Base

  7. Name the 4 nitrogenous bases. • Adenine • Guanine • Cytosine • Thymine

  8. The nitrogenous bases are bonded together by what type of bond? This holds the 2 strands together. • Hydrogen bond

  9. Tell me the difference.

  10. Tell me the difference.

  11. What nitrogenous bases pair together? • Adenine – Thymine • Guanine – Cytosine • Purine – Pyrimidines!!

  12. This scientist used X-ray diffraction to find information about DNA. Found that DNA is in the shape of a helix or a coiled spring. • Rosalind Franklin

  13. DNA is in the shape of a double helix (twisted ladder). These Scientists realized that the double helix accounted for Franklin’s X-ray pattern, and it explained Chargaff’s rule of base pairing and how the 2 strands of DNA are held together. This 3D model can even tell us how DNA can function as a carrier of genetic information • James Watson & Francis Crick

  14. Define Chargaff’s Rule • the amounts of adenine and thymine are almost always equal, as are the amounts of guanine and cytosine.

  15. Fill in the chart!

  16. Fill in the chart! Automatically you should know that Cytosine will be the same as Guanine. 38+38 = 76% 100-76= 24 Adenine and Thymine = 24 Total 24/2 = 12% each

  17. Tell me the general steps of DNA Replication

  18. What ENZYME is present in the first step of DNA replication • DNA HELICASE! • HINT – THINK STRUCTURE – HELIX • (UNWIND & UNZIP)

  19. What ENZYME is present to bring free nucleotides to the form the new strand of DNA . • DNA polymerase

  20. What are the two strands referred to as in the process of Replication? • Parent Strand (original) • New Strand (copied)

  21. What happens when an error is made in the replication process? • MUTATION

  22. DONE! • Study • Note Packet • HW Packet • Feb Break Assignment

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