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Naming Compounds, cations and anions

Naming Compounds, cations and anions. Part 1 – The obvious ones:. Elements and symbols that you should know:. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen. H He Li Be B C N. Oxygen Fluorine Neon Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus. O F Ne Mg Al Si P.

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Naming Compounds, cations and anions

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  1. Naming Compounds, cations and anions

  2. Part 1 – The obvious ones: Elements and symbols that you should know: • Hydrogen • Helium • Lithium • Beryllium • Boron • Carbon • Nitrogen H He Li Be B C N • Oxygen • Fluorine • Neon • Magnesium • Aluminium • Silicon • Phosphorus O F Ne Mg Al Si P

  3. Some more obvious ones: • Sulphur • Chlorine • Argon S Cl Ar 18) Calcium 19) Zinc Ca Zn The less obvious ones: • Sodium • Potassium • Iron • Copper • Silver Na K Fe Cu Ag 6) Tin 7) Gold 8) Mercury 9) Lead Sn Au Hg Pb

  4. Polyatomic ions (-1 charge) • NO31- Nitrate • OH1- Hydroxide

  5. Polyatomic ions (-2 charge) • SO42- Sulfate • CO32- Carbonate

  6. Polyatomic ions (-3 charge) • PO43- Phosphate

  7. This happens with the following elements: • H2 • N2 • O2 • F2 • Cl2 • Br2 These elements always go around in pairs (diatomic molecules). For example, hydrogen looks like this: Rule 1– If two identical elements combine then the name doesn’t change

  8. Rule 2 – When two elements join and one is a halogen, oxygen or sulphur the name ends with ____ide e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide • Sodium + chlorine • Magnesium + fluorine • Lithium + iodine • Chlorine + copper • Oxygen + iron • KBr • LiCl • CaO • MgS • KF

  9. Rule 3 – When three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with hydroxide e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide • Potassium + hydrogen + oxygen • Lithium + hydrogen + oxygen • Calcium + hydrogen + oxygen • Mg(OH)2

  10. Rule 4 – When three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate • Calcium + carbon + oxygen • Potassium + carbon + oxygen • Calcium + sulphur + oxygen • Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen • Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen • AgNO3 • H2SO4 • K2CO3

  11. Covalent formulae Ionic formulae H2O CO2 NH3 H2 O2 N2 SO2 Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulphur dioxide NaCl CaCl2 MgO HCl H2SO4 HNO3 NaOH Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 Al2O3 Fe2O3 Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Magnesium oxide Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Aluminium oxide Iron oxide

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