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Naming Compounds, cations and anions

Naming Compounds, cations and anions. Elements and symbols that you should know:. Part 1 – The obvious ones:. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen. H He Li Be B C N. Oxygen Fluorine Neon Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus. O F Ne Mg Al Si P.

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Naming Compounds, cations and anions

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  1. Naming Compounds, cations and anions

  2. Elements and symbols that you should know: Part 1 – The obvious ones: • Hydrogen • Helium • Lithium • Beryllium • Boron • Carbon • Nitrogen H He Li Be B C N • Oxygen • Fluorine • Neon • Magnesium • Aluminium • Silicon • Phosphorus O F Ne Mg Al Si P

  3. Some more obvious ones: • Sulphur • Chlorine • Argon S Cl Ar 18) Calcium 19) Zinc Ca Zn The less obvious ones: • Sodium • Potassium • Iron • Copper • Silver Na K Fe Cu Ag 6) Tin 7) Gold 8) Mercury 9) Lead Sn Au Hg Pb

  4. Polyatomic ions (-1 charge) • H2PO4 DiHydrogen phosphate • C2H3O2 Acetate • HSO3 Hydrogen Sulfite • HCO3 Hydrogen Carbonate • NO2 Nitrite • NO3 Nitrate • CN Cyanide • OH Hydroxide • MnO4 Permanganate • ClO Hypochlorite • ClO2 Chlorite • ClO3 Chlorate • ClO4 Perchlorate

  5. Polyatomic ions (-2 charge) • HPO4 Hydrogen Phosphate • C2O4 Oxalate • SO3 Sulfite • SO4 Sulfate • CO3 Carbonate • CrO4 Chromate • Cr2O7 Dichromate • SiO3 Silicate

  6. Polyatomic ions (-3 charge) • PO3 Phosphite • PO4 Phosphate

  7. This happens with the following elements: • H2 • N2 • O2 • F2 • Cl2 • Br2 These elements always go around in pairs (diatomic molecules). For example, hydrogen looks like this: Rule 1– If two identical elements combine then the name doesn’t change

  8. Rule 2 – When two elements join and one is a halogen, oxygen or sulphur the name ends with ____ide e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide • Sodium + chlorine • Magnesium + fluorine • Lithium + iodine • Chlorine + copper • Oxygen + iron • KBr • LiCl • CaO • MgS • KF

  9. Rule 3 – When three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with hydroxide e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide • Potassium + hydrogen + oxygen • Lithium + hydrogen + oxygen • Calcium + hydrogen + oxygen • Mg(OH)2

  10. Rule 4 – When three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate • Calcium + carbon + oxygen • Potassium + carbon + oxygen • Calcium + sulphur + oxygen • Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen • Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen • AgNO3 • H2SO4 • K2CO3

  11. Covalent formulae Ionic formulae H2O CO2 NH3 H2 O2 N2 SO2 Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulphur dioxide NaCl CaCl2 MgO HCl H2SO4 HNO3 NaOH Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 Al2O3 Fe2O3 Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Magnesium oxide Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Aluminium oxide Iron oxide

  12. This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.

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