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Discover the fascinating process of photosynthesis in plants and algae, where energy from the sun is harnessed to produce ATP and carbohydrates. Learn about the 3 stages of photosynthesis: capturing light energy, using it to make ATP and NADPH, and building carbohydrates. Unravel the mysteries of chlorophyll and the Calvin Cycle as you delve into the amazing world of plant energy production.
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Photosynthesis: • A process, in which, plants and algae are able to capture energy from the sun and use it to produce ATP & energy storing carbohydrates
3 Stages of Photosynthesis • Stage 1: Capturing Light Energy • Chlorophyll: Pigment that absorbs (certain wavelengths) light, which helps in the gathering of energy for photosynthesis • Chlorophyll is found in the chloroplast of the cell – most specifically in a disk-like structure called a thylakoid
Side note: ATP • Remember from yesterday ? • ATP can store energy and deliver it to cells • Now continuing to stage 2
Stage 2: Using Light Energy to Make ATP and NADPH • Light hits the chloroplast exciting the electrons causing them to pass through a chain of electron carriers. • This energy is used to pump protons into the thylakoid … and continues until it reaches capacity (it’s ready to burst!) • Diffusion sends the protons back out and upon exiting ATP is formed • The excited electrons continue to pass through more electron carriers until it attaches to NADP+ forming …. NADPH • Now we are powered up for stage 3!!
Stage 3: Building Carbohydrates • Plants capture the CO2 in the atmosphere • The carbon is then turned into organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) • This takes place through the Calvin Cycle(which is run from the energy produced in stage 2) Unbalanced Balanced
Thought question: • You may have heard that if you want to help a plant grow you should talk to it. Why is that?