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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Male Reproductive System. To produce sperm, semen & testosterone Aids in reproduction & excretes wastes Allows for Erection & Ejaculation. SPERM.

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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  2. Male Reproductive System • To produce sperm, semen & testosterone • Aids in reproduction & excretes wastes • Allows for Erection & Ejaculation

  3. SPERM • Male reproductive cell responsible for fertilization. Contains half of the DNA needed for the development of a human being.

  4. VAS DEFERENS • Tube which sperm and/or semen are transported through.

  5. Pubic Bone-protection

  6. Testes or Testicle • Two egg-shaped structures responsible for making sperm and producing the male hormone testosterone.

  7. EPIDIDYMIS • Located above testes and is responsible for maturation of sperm.

  8. SCROTUM • Houses and protects testes. • It is responsible for regulating temperature of the testes.

  9. Seminal Vesicle Responsible for making 60% of the Semen

  10. Prostate Gland Responsible for making 35% of the semen

  11. Cowper’s Glandor Bulbourethral Gland Responsible for producing 5% of Semen

  12. Urinary Bladder • Stores Urine

  13. URETHRA • Transports and excretes semen or urine out of the penis. Semen = sperm + fluids.

  14. PENIS • Main external organ of the male reproductive system.

  15. FORESKIN • Layer of skin located around penis. • Main function is protection of penis.

  16. Anus-excretes fecesRectum-stores and excretes feces

  17. CIRCUMCISION • Surgical procedure in which the foreskin is removed from the tip of the penis.

  18. DISORDERS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  19. TESTICULAR TORSION • Spermatic Cords, which suspend testes, become twisted during sleep or even exercise. *Emergency situation*

  20. UNDESCENDED TESTES • When one or both testes remain inside the body. Result can be cancer or infertility.

  21. INGUINAL HERNIA • Part of intestine protrudes into the scrotum through a weakness in abdominal wall.

  22. ENLARGED PROSTATE GLAND • Prostate gland increases in size and obstructs the outlet of the urinary bladder.

  23. PROSTATE CANCER • Cancer in the prostate gland. Requires surgical treatment. If left untreated, death can occur.

  24. TESTICULAR CANCER • Cancer of the testical. • Most common in males ages 15-35. • Early detection is key!

  25. INFERTILITY • Unable to reproduce due to low sperm count. • Causes: Drugs, x-rays or genetics.

  26. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  27. FUNCTIONS • Release mature eggs • Produces estrogen and progesterone • Aids in reproduction • Excretes urine • Aids in menstruation

  28. OVARIES • Release mature egg(s) and produces female sex hormones; estrogen and progesterone. • Size of Almond

  29. FALLOPIAN TUBES • Carries mature egg(s) to uterus. • Fertilization usually occurs here.

  30. UTERUS • Pear-shaped muscular organ that provides a place for fertilized egg to grow. Houses endometrium if unfertilized. • Contracts

  31. ENDOMETRIUM • Lining of uterus. • If egg is fertilized, it provides nutrients. • If unfertilized, it is shed during menstruation.

  32. CERVIX • Produces cervical mucus, expands to deliver baby & contracts during menstruation if necessary. • At base of uterus.

  33. VAGINAL CANAL • Allows for excretion of endometrium/egg (unfertilized) or baby (fertilized) • Aids in reproduction • Provides lubrication

  34. VULVA: Three Components • Clitoris: Aids in lubrication & stimulation. • Labia Majora: protection • Labia Minora: protection

  35. URETHRA • Excretes Urine

  36. Mons Pubis • Extra fat that forms padding on the front pelvic bone • Function-cushion for pain-free reproduction

  37. The Menstrual Cycle • It starts the first day you menstruate. That is day 1 and will last between 28-35 days. • So on day 1 the uterian lining will be excreted out of the uterus. • The menstrual flow is 2 oz of fluid and the lining. This will be released for around 4 days.

  38. Days 5-12 • The uterus prepares the lining for the new egg. Hormones are released in order to thicken the lining.

  39. Days 13-14 • Ovulation occurs which is the release of a mature egg(s).

  40. Days 15-20 • Body provides nourishing secretions for the egg in the fallopian tube • Uterus stops contracting • Breast ducts are stimulated • Uterine lining is thickened

  41. Days 21-28 • If fertilization did not occur, the uterus shrinks, the endometrium does not receive any more nutrients and dies. This lining will then be shed by uterus contracting. • The first day the lining is shed is day 1 for the next menstrual cycle.

  42. Female Reproductive System Disorders

  43. Menstrual Cramps • EXTREMEPAIN in the lower abdominal area caused by the contraction of the uterus.

  44. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) • Bloating, headaches, tender breasts, constipation, fatigue, depression, anger & anxiety

  45. VAGINITIS • Infection of the vagina • Caused by fungus, bacteria or protozoa • S&S: Itching, discharge & odor.

  46. TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME(TSS) • Bacterial infection associated with the use of tampons • S&S: fever, nausea, dizziness & rash. • Could cause death.

  47. OVARIAN CYSTS • Cysts on ovaries • Experience pain or no pain • Large cysts must be treated medically. • Small can disappear.

  48. CANCER • Cancer on any of female reproductive organs. • Early detection, pap test & mammograms are necessary.

  49. Infertility • Failure to release an egg. • Causes: low body weight, scar tissue in fallopian tubes or STDs.

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