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Mexican Revolution, Pt. 1

Mexican Revolution, Pt. 1. Mr. McCarthy November 2007. Porfirio Díaz. Díaz announces elections for 1910 Francisco Madero forms opposition party Hacendado background Supports rule by elites Popular Arrested by Díaz in June of 1910. Madero. Díaz wins election with 99% of the vote

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Mexican Revolution, Pt. 1

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  1. Mexican Revolution, Pt. 1 Mr. McCarthy November 2007

  2. Porfirio Díaz Díaz announces elections for 1910 Francisco Madero forms opposition party Hacendado background Supports rule by elites Popular Arrested by Díaz in June of 1910 Madero

  3. Díaz wins election with 99% of the vote Madero organizes armed resistance from Texas

  4. Start of the Mexican Revolution Resistance in the north led by Pascual Orozco and Pancho Villa

  5. Start of the Mexican Revolution Resistance in the north led by Pascual Orozco and Pancho Villa Happier Times

  6. In the South… Indian resistance led by mestizo Emiliano Zapata Zapata was committed to land reform Resistance began in the state of Morelos Zapata on the right

  7. Díaz signs treaty with Madero and resigns (May 25, 1911) Mexican bureaucracy remains intact Mexican Army continues to fight the Zapatista army Madero elected President (Oct. 1911)

  8. Madero as President Decision-making vested in the elites Land reform Believed that large haciendas were the only way Mexico would modernize Therefore, opposed land reform Arguments with Zapata Agrarian reform was an issue Wanted to disband Zapata’s peasant (Indian) militia

  9. Madero as President Zapata’s Plan of Ayala Nov. 28, 1911 Plan to take land from elites and give it to peasants Made neither revolutionaries nor reactionaries happy Pro-U.S., but not corrupt U.S. wanted to see him overthrown

  10. Madero as President Madero overthrown by Gen. Victoriano Huerta Feb. 14, 1913 Murdered Feb. 22, 1913 U.S. approved of coup and assassination General Huerta

  11. Huerta’s Dictatorship Seen as a “new” Porfirio Díaz Leadership characterized by government oppression

  12. Opposition to Huerta In the North - “The Constitutionalists” Pancho Villa Army of 3000 men Seized control of Chihuahua Reduced meat prices Distributed money, clothing, etc. to the poor Established schools Did not redistribute land, but put it in state possession and turned some over to his officers

  13. Opposition to Huerta In the North - “The Constitutionalists” Venustiano Carranza Landholder State of Coahuila Plan of Guadalupe (March 26, 1913) Overthrow the Huerta dictatorship Restore the Constitution 40,000 man army Pancho Villa put himself under Carranza’s command Carranza

  14. Opposition to Huerta In the North - “The Constitutionalists” Àlvaro Obregón Young rancher State of Sonora Fought for Carranza Excellent military leader Obregón

  15. Opposition to Huerta In the South - “The Zapatistas” Zapata (bottom, center)

  16. Carranza Obregón Villa

  17. U.S. Intervention March 1913 - Woodrow Wilson sworn in as president of United States Did not recognize Huerta regime Embargoed arms to revolutionaries while selling them to Huerta Thought Huerta couldn’t provide stability Thought Huerta’s policies were pro-British/German Came to oppose Huerta

  18. WWI caused British and Germans to adopt pro-U.S. policies instead of pro-Mexico policies Wilson ends European support for Huerta Huerta needs $, stops paying foreign debt Foreign creditors want something done Feb 1914 - Wilson supports Carranza and supplies arms to him

  19. Arrest of sailors in Tampico U.S.S. Dolphin 21 gun salute April 21, 1914 - Wilson orders seizure of Veracruz Anti-U.S. sentiment unites Mexico Carranza adopts anti-U.S. attitude Huerta leaves for Spain (July 1914) Obregon occupies Mexico City (August 1914) U.S. leaves Veracruz (Nov. 23, 1914)

  20. Fighting Among the Victors Villa and Zapata don’t trust Carranza Conference at Aguascalientes Carranza called on to resign Villa made commander of the army Carranza refuses to resign Peasant armies take Mexico City Carranza flees to Veracruz Villa and Zapata fail as governing leaders Carranza issues liberal decrees

  21. Fighting Among the Victors Carranza’s comeback Obregon retakes capital Gained wider support Obregon defeats Villa @Celaya Use of WWI military tactics Late 1915s - Zapata neutralized

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