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Establish The Rivers ’ Bio-indicator System A Case Study of Zhong-Kang River

This research paper discusses the importance of ecological engineering in river construction and the need to protect the niches of each species within the constructive environment. The study focuses on the Zhong-Kang River in Taiwan and presents research methods, results, conclusions, and recommendations for further research.

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Establish The Rivers ’ Bio-indicator System A Case Study of Zhong-Kang River

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  1. Establish The Rivers’Bio-indicator System A Case Study of Zhong-Kang River Tang Hsien-Po Associate Professor Department of Landscape ArchitectureChungHua UniversityHsinchu, Taiwan

  2. Program • Introduction • Research Methods • Result • Conclusion • Further Research

  3. Introduction Ecological engineering, as an emerging engineering discipline, provides new opportunities in both ecology and engineering.

  4. Introduction • Ecological engineering has been developed and showed a very important position in river construction in Taiwan. • For the river construction did not care about the ecology as usual, and focused only on the safety and utility, the environment was ignorantly destroyed. • This situation brings many ecological engineering missing problems.

  5. Introduction • Therefore, planting trees took the place of ecological engineering; rock river bank took the place of multi-habitat,key point and real value of ecological engineering were disregarded. • What was the goal of construction? • How could we make it in correct method? • What were the target bios of this protection or preserve construction?

  6. Introduction • In fact, the truly value of ecological engineering is protecting the niches of each species within the constructive environment. • This value is based on the realization of physical environment of niche, ecological relationship between species and corridor requirement in landscape scale.

  7. Introduction • For this reason, ecological research is necessary to develop ecological engineering. • At present , the researches about bio-indicators in Taiwan were mostly focus on the indicate the variety of environment-benthic algae,fish, aquatic insect

  8. Research Methods Sample Selected There are 5 different environmental zones from upstream to downstream and 12 sampling area selected

  9. DS PA NW WF HB OB ZK US SW TM DJ DH Sample Research Methods

  10. Each sample name and GPS location at Zhong-Kang river The zone of river Sampling name Code name Latitude Longitude Upstream Dong-He Dong-Jiang Tian-Mei Uong-Sing DH DJ TM US 24°35.969’ 24°36.36’ 24°36.999’ 24°37.18’ 121°02.013’ 121°01.10’ 121°01.10 120°97.43’ Influent He-Bei O-Mei HB OM 24°43.78’ 24°40.233’ 121°06.22’ 120°58.361’ Midstream San-Wan Nei-Wan SW NW 24°39.715’ 24°40.65’ 120°57.628’ 121°56.79’ Downstream Ping-An Dong-Sing PA DS 24°40.284’ 24°40.751’ 120°56.683’ 120°54.446’ Estuary Zhong-Kang Wu-Fu ZK WF 24°40.286’ 24°39.838’ 120°53.202’ 120°51.336’

  11. Sampling lUsing GPS record and make sure the sampling area locate. lWater sampling Survey water temperature, transparency , pH, conductivity , salinity directly in stream. Collect 2 bottles of 1000 ML stream water. After taking the sampling. Put it in 4 ºC or lower to preserve ,in order to analysis (NO3) , (PO4) and (NH3) concentration by the Color meter in 24 hours. Collect 1 bottle of 100 ML water .Fixed of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) make sampling. Analysis.

  12. Aquatic insects sampling Using the totality of 12 times one year collection as a criteria at Surber collections for sampling aquatic insects in Zhong-Kang River. Collect 1 bottle of 100 ML water .Fixed of aquatic insects. Microscope survey

  13. Item Method of assay Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Iodine of fix amount Nitrate (NO3) Cadmium fixed analysis Phosphate. (PO4) Mobile to empty analysis –colorimetry Ammonia(NH3) Nessler colorimetry Water Analysis

  14. Microscope survey Record sampling correlated data-such as plankton sample depth and surrounding change from typhoons or other. Organism identification. Using dissecting microscope 10*4(Nikon Explore) to identification organism. Identify aquatic insects orders classified in Zhong-Kang river.(introduction to the ecology of aquatic insects,1992, aquatic biology,1998)

  15. Water Sampling

  16. Water Sampling

  17. Water Sampling-thermometer

  18. Water Sampling-PH

  19. Water Sampling-DO

  20. Water Deep

  21. DH Stream

  22. DH Stream

  23. DH Stream

  24. DJ Stram

  25. DJ Stram

  26. DJ Stram

  27. TM Stram

  28. TM Stram

  29. TM Stram

  30. US Stram

  31. US Stram

  32. US Stream

  33. SW Stream

  34. SW Stream

  35. SW Stream

  36. HB Stream

  37. HB Stream

  38. OM Stream

  39. OM Stream

  40. NW Stream

  41. NW Stream

  42. The season change of DO value at sites. Result -DO

  43. Theseason change of Nitrate Concentration at sites.

  44. .The season change of PO4 value at sites. The PO4 value of downstream is higher obviously

  45. The season change of NH3value at sites.

  46. Fig.5.The season change of water conductivity at sites. Water Conductivity

  47. The seasons change of water temperature at sites. Water temperature

  48. The season change of water pH at sites. PH

  49. . The seasons change of Chiroromus sp amount at site. Result-Chiroromus sp

  50. Tricoptera The seasons change of Tricoptera amount at site.

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