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Primary insomnia

Primary insomnia . By : Kimberly Salazar psychology Period :6. Primary insomnia . Define: Primary insomnia means that a person is having problems falling asleep, awakens frequently throughout the night, or gets a full night’s sleep but does not feel rested.

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Primary insomnia

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  1. Primary insomnia By : Kimberly Salazar psychology Period :6

  2. Primary insomnia Define: • Primary insomnia means that a person is having problems falling asleep, awakens frequently throughout the night, or gets a full night’s sleep but does not feel rested.

  3. Associated Features • Difficulty falling asleep • Waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep • Waking up too early in the morning • Feeling tired upon waking

  4. Associated Features: DSM IV • The predominant complaint is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or nonrestrictive sleep, from at least 1 month. • The sleep disturbances (or associated daytime fatigue) causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. • The sleep disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep disorder, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, or a parasomnia. • The disturbances does not occur exclusively during the course of the course of another mental disorder (e.g., Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, a delirium). • The disturbance is not due to the direct physiology effects of a substances (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition.

  5. Etiology Medical researchers are unsure of the exact cause, but Insomnia is thought to be caused by: • Excessive focus on and heightened anxiety about sleep • Difficulty falling asleep at the desired bedtime or during planned naps, but no difficulty falling asleep during other monotonous activities when not intending to sleep • Ability to sleep better away from home than at home • Mental arousal in bed characterized either by intrusive thoughts or a perceived inability to volitionally cease sleep-preventing mental activity • Heightened somatic tension in bed reflected by a perceived inability to relax the body sufficiently to allow the onset of sleep • The sleep disturbance is not better explained by another sleep disorder, medical or neurologic disorder, medication use, or substance abuse disorder.

  6. Prevalence • 1 in 10 adults and 1 in 4 older adults • For example, in this class (of 30), roughly 3 people have problems sleeping.

  7. Treatment • When you take pills or drink alcohol those things doesn’t actually work or help with your problem, they make it worse. • The treatments that could work are: - Exercise regularly, but not in the late evening -Avoid all caffeine after early afternoon -Relax before bedtime -Sleep on a regular schedule -Avoid naps throughout the day -Hide the clock face so you aren't tempted to check - If all else fails, settle for less sleep, either going to bed later or getting up earlier

  8. Prognosis • Individuals with insomnia report an impaired ability to concentrate, poor memory, difficulty coping with minor irritations, and decreased ability to enjoy family and social relationships • Individuals with insomnia are more than twice as likely to have a fatigue-related motor vehicle accident

  9. Prognosis • The mortality rate appears to be higher in patients who sleep fewer than 5 hours each night. • People with Insomnia often develop depression and anxiety • Insomnia can be improved if underlying causes are addressed.

  10. Reference • Halgin, R.P & Whitbourne, S.K. (2005). Abnormal psychology: clinical perspectives on psychological disorders. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill • Myers, D.G. (2011). Myers’ psychology for AP. New York, NY: Worth Publisher. • Medscape. (2012). Insomia. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1187829-overview#aw2aab6b2b4aa

  11. Discussion Question • How are the treatment methods related to conditioning?

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