1 / 37

Working with kids with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

Working with kids with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). FASD Timeline. US Map– Centers for Disease Control, 2010 . Minnesota Pregnancy Drinking Statistics. Almost half of pregnancies are unplanned (contraception failure or lack of use), 28% of births are unplanned. (Henshaw, 1998)

holden
Download Presentation

Working with kids with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Working with kids with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders(FASD)

  2. FASD Timeline MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  3. US Map– Centers for Disease Control, 2010 MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  4. Minnesota Pregnancy Drinking Statistics • Almost half of pregnancies are unplanned (contraception failure or lack of use), 28% of births are unplanned. (Henshaw, 1998) • 20% of pregnant women continue to drink after finding out they are pregnant. (Stratton et al 1996) • In MN, about 12% of women consume five or more drinks per month during pregnancy. (Taking A Closer Look MDH 2002) • In MN, about 5% binge-drink (5 or more drinks at a time) during pregnancy. (Taking A Closer Look MDH 2002) MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  5. What are the facts? • Alcohol use during pregnancy does not always result in FASD • Most children with FASD go undiagnosed MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  6. An Under-Identified Disorder • More Common than Autism • Leading cause of intellectual disability in North America • FASD occurs in all racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups • Often misdiagnosed due to lack of information and awareness (See Overlapping Characteristics) • DSM barrier • 100% Preventable Incidence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders– Minnesota Statistics - CDC 2006; National Statistics - March of Dimes; NOFAS 2004. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  7. What are Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)? • A set of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disorders seen in individuals exposed to alcohol prenatally • Lifetime disability with brain injury that never goes away • Broad range (spectrum) of characteristics that vary from person to person MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  8. The FASD Umbrella Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) • Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD) • Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (pFAS) • Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE) replaced by ARBD & ARND in 2006 • Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  9. Areas of Diagnostic Evaluation • Facial Dysmorphia • Growth Problems • Central Nervous System Abnormalities • History of Maternal Alcohol Exposure MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  10. FAS Facial Characteristics Palpebral fissures Thin upper lip Smooth, long philtrum CDC 2004 Might also have: Low set ears, flat mid-face, up-turned nose, small chin, and epicanthal folds. FAS Facial Characteristics – Image courtesy of FASTAR.. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  11. FASD & the Brain

  12. National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (NOFAS), 2004; Adapted from Moore, 1993. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  13. Newborn Brain MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  14. Brain Damage • Failure of certain brain regions (e.g., the corpus callosum) to develop • Failure of certain cells to migrate to their appropriate locations during embryonic brain development • A tendency for the tissue to die in some brain regions (e.g., the cerebellum) Winter 2000 issue of Alcohol Research & Health MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  15. Mattson, S.N.; Jernigan, T.L.; and Riley, E.P. 1994. MRI and prenatal alcohol exposure: Images provide insight into FAS. Alcohol Health & Research World 18(1):49–52. Prenatal exposure to alcohol causes permanent brain injury that never goes away. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  16. Most Affected Areas of the Brain MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  17. Corpus Callosum • Attention • Intellectual function • Executive functioning • Learning MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  18. Cerebellum • Movement, motor control • Balance & equilibrium • Muscle tone • Ability to judge distances • Involved in some cognitive processes MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  19. Basal Ganglia • Can affect spatial memory and behaviors • Perseveration • inability to switch modes • work towards goals • predict behavioral outcomes • Time perception MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  20. Frontal Lobes • Impulse control • Self regulation • Executive Functions- • Linking 2 or more ideas together • Understanding abstract or complex concepts • Generalizing (ex. Learning to cross street) • Understanding cause & effect / consequences • Judgment MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  21. input (taking information in from the senses) integration (interpreting information, making sense of it) memory (storing information for later use, connecting with previous experiences) output (response, behavior) Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Information Processing MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  22. Look at the chart and say the color not the word YELLOWBLUEORANGE BLACK RED GREEN PURPLEYELLOW RED ORANGE GREENBLACK BLUE RED PURPLE LEFT-RIGHT CONFLICT Your right brain tried to say the color but your left brain insists on reading the word. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  23. Strategies

  24. Sensory Processing • What is it exactly? • Taking in and making sense of incoming data • Having an appropriate response to the data received MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  25. Problems with Sensory Processing Under Responsive Over Responsive Avoids touch Struggles when picked up Aversion to play dough Doesn’t like hair comb Doesn’t like barefoot Doesn’t like playground equipment Doesn’t like feet not on the ground • Excessive need to touch • Spinning • On the move • Floppy • Likes swinging • Crashing • Roughhousing • Limited body space awareness MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  26. Intervention Strategy Ideas • Calm and Quiet environment • Limit number of objects on walls and hanging • Calm Colors on Walls • Define Spaces (eating, playing, resting) • Establish rules for cleanup and transition MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  27. Intervention Strategies • Quiet routine activities to help stay organized • Sing small songs to help with routine activities • Focus on cause and effect activities • Increased language stimulation activities • Set limits MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  28. Intervention Strategies • Breaks instead of timeouts • Define space around child – armrests, bean bags • Teach relaxation • Keep It Short and Simple • Add movement to learning MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  29. Adapt the Environment Slides Courtesy of Canada FASD curriculum. MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  30. Strategies for Transitions • Timers • Songs • Picture schedules • Establish routines • Child with transition difficulty becomes the helper • May need to avoid waiting in lines MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  31. Eight Simple Keys • Concrete • Consistency • Repetition • Routine • Simplicity (KISS) • Specific • Structure • Supervision MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  32. Recognize Strengths! • Friendly, cuddly, happy • Caring, kind and loyal • Curious and involved • Energetic, hard working • Fair and cooperative • Artistic or musical • Highly verbal • Long term visual memory MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  33. Resources

  34. MN FASD Diagnostic Clinics White Earth FASD Diagnostic Clinic FASD Clinic; Essentia Health, Children’s Services Lakewood Health System FASD Diagnostic Clinic Centra care FASD Clinic Native American Community Clinic Treehouse Psychology Park Nicollet Diagnostic Clinic Canvas Health FASD & Neurodevelopmental Disorders Diagnostic Clinic MOFAS FASD Diagnostic Clinic HealthEast Behavioral Pediatrics Clinic International Adoption Clinic – U of MN U of MN FASD Program Stillwater Medical Group Bluestem Center MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  35. Online Resources • General Information on FASD • Center for Disease Control and Prevention, FAS site • http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas • FASD Unit @ the Univ of Washington School of Medicine • http://depts.washington.edu/fadu/ • MOFAS Resource Directory – • http://www.mofas.org MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome 35 MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  36. Don’t Try Harder Try Differently If you’ve told a child a thousand times and he still does not understand, then it is not the child who is the slow learner. - Walter Barbee MN Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

  37. Contact Information:MOFASPhone: 651-917-2370www.mofas.org

More Related