Roman Foods

1. Roman Foods • By Myles Caldwell

2. Daily Meals

3. Cena • Main meal • 2:00 pm-night • followed by comissatio (drinks)

4. Cena consisted of . . . • puls- emmer, water, salt, and fat • 2-3 courses • gustatio • primae mensae • secundae mensae

5. Gustatio (starter course) • drink-mulsum • light dishes • salad and veggies (mushrooms, and the leaves of shrubs and weeds)

6. Main Course (primae mensae) • decorative first dish • main dish of meat • pork-uterus, breasts, ears • beef not popular • geese- force fed liver • trojan pig- stuffed with sausages and fruit • hares- expensive delicacy • rabbit fetuses (laurices) • fish expensive- goatfish popular, die slowly on dinner table

7. Condiments • spices- pepper, silphium extinct • garum- sauce for everything, • made with decomposed fish protein • smelled bad

8. Secundae Mensae • fruits-grapes • variety of nuts and other fruits • bread and tarts • cold clams and oysters (starters)

9. Alcoholic Drinks • wine had high alcohol content • flavored • passum-raisin wine • mulsum-honey wine • conditum-honey spice wine • beer-vulgar • posca-sour watered herb wine

10. Peasants vs. Wealthy • Wealthy- imported exotic food, expensive flavored wine • Peasants- local wild food, posca

11. Entertainment at the table • conversation • musician • acrobats • poets • dancers • guests wouldn’t dance Poet Horace

12. Traditions at the table • offering of meat, cake, wine to Lares(spirit of house) after main course • mostly ate standing/seated, lay down to eat on special occasions • dinner on triclinium • food was eaten with fingers and cochlear and ligula

13. How food was made... • baked in wood burning stoves • mills run by donkeys or men

14. Where was Roman food bought? • Forums- markets • meat • veggies • oil

15. Preserved from Rome • recipes preserved • food not preserved

16. Roman diet vs. Italian/American diet • Romans mostly drank wine • Romans ate food with fingers and cochlea/ligula • Americans/Italians eat food with forks, spoons, knives, and occasionally hands • Americans/Italians have large selection of beverages • Romans had longer dinners • Americans/Italians have shorter dinners

17. Bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Roman_cuisine • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/roman-recipes.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/pompeii_art_galler_04.shtml • http://www.roman-empire-map.askricktoday.com/roman-food.html • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Roman+wine&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&client=safari&sa=X&rls=en&biw=739&bih=960&tbs=isz:l&tbm=isch&tbnid=X4dcBhAD0C7CrM:&imgrefurl=http://humanitieslab.stanford.edu/ceramics/425&docid=FMVpwqFCrVRwEM&imgurl=http://humanitieslab.stanford.edu/ceramics/admin/image.html%253Fimageid%253D548400&w=1440&h=2160&ei=iaK0TunwFoLo0QH01LnRBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=116&vpy=200&dur=1209&hovh=275&hovw=183&tx=76&ty=206&sig=113690160020407898475&page=1&tbnh=176&tbnw=134&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0 • http://tarradaleblog.edublogs.org/files/2011/03/942Porridge_001-1tggvko.jpg • http://sp.life123.com/bm.pix/pig1.s600x600.jpg • http://www.dilsedesi.org/forums/uploads/monthly_03_2011/post-34946-0-15459000-1301206886.jpg • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zaragoza_-_Museo_-_Triclinio_de_la_calle_Añón_02.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Triclinium_-_Archäologische_Staatssammlung_München.JPG • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Villa_Rustica_Ahrweiler_Küche_der_Mansio.jpg/220px-Villa_Rustica_Ahrweiler_Küche_der_Mansio.jpg • http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2420/2198252062_068a29e080.jpg • http://allencentre.wikispaces.com/file/view/bakery_flour_mills.jpg/219779830/bakery_flour_mills.jpg • http://www.historyonthenet.com/Romans/food.htm • http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/ancient_rome_shopping.htm • http://ancient-rome.tripod.com/romanforum/forum.jpg • http://www.stripedmaple.com/france/images/amphoralis.gif • http://www.artgeek.net/images/work/coke1.jpg • http://new.scriptoriumdaily.com/disjectamembra/wp-content/photos/img_horace.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Vinum_tokajense_passum.jpg • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=grapes&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&client=safari&sa=X&rls=en&biw=1024&bih=982&tbs=isz:l&tbm=isch&tbnid=XPUbVIdWAWHAlM:&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Table_grapes_on_white.jpg&docid=sk7hftDfjjQM2M&imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Table_grapes_on_white.jpg&w=1600&h=1067&ei=g5y1TobZJ6rk0QGI15XSBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=252&vpy=216&dur=20&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=149&ty=99&sig=113690160020407898475&page=1&tbnh=117&tbnw=158&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0 • http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/robynmac/robynmac0808/robynmac080800078/3466223-small-custard-and-glazed-fruit-tarts-isolated-on-white.jpg • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=garum+sauce&num=10&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&client=safari&rls=en&biw=1024&bih=982&tbm=isch&tbnid=oRaOenYOMVxpPM:&imgrefurl=http://www.pompeii-food-and-drink.org/garum.htm&docid=drrS7HBKN2bieM&imgurl=http://www.pompeii-food-and-drink.org/images/amphora-in-garum-shop.jpg&w=225&h=300&ei=MJ21TsuODOHa0QHm19mqBA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=492&vpy=305&dur=1034&hovh=240&hovw=180&tx=77&ty=128&sig=113690160020407898475&sqi=2&page=1&tbnh=165&tbnw=136&start=0&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:0 • http://www.coquinaria.nl/images/garumflesjekl.JPG • http://www.cksinfo.com/clipart/food/salads/side-salad.png • http://www.lascanastas.com/boletin08/romanos.jpg