Emissions and meteorological Aspects of the 2001 ICAP Simulation

1. Emissions and meteorological Aspects of the 2001 ICAP Simulation Adel Hanna, Jeff Vukovich, Aijun Xiu, Kiran Alapaty, and Andy Holland Carolina Environmental Program University of North Carolina

2. ICAP Modeling and Analysis Components • Develop meteorological and emissions data for modeling trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic pollutants transport • Apply global chemistry-transport models and develop an interface for Regional modeling nesting using CMAQ • Apply global chemistry-radiation-climate models to assess the linkage of air pollution to regional climate • Analyze and evaluate the model results using surface-based, aircraft and satellite observations

3. Focus of this Presentation • Metrological Modeling Pacific Domain • Emissions (Pacific and Atlantic domains)

4. Meteorological Model Configuration • MM5 version 3.6 • 23 vertical layers (collapsed to 16 MCIP/CMAQ layers) • Lambert Conformal projection • Horizontal Resolution 108km • USGS land use data, ECMWF TOGA, surface and rawinsonde observations • Nudging • Model Physics (PX scheme, Kuo scheme)

5. Pacific Domain

6. Atlantic Domain

7. Surface Observations

8. Temperature (500mb)

9. Water vapor Mixing ratio

10. Wind speed and direction

11. Surface Water Vapor

12. Surface Temperature

13. ICAP Emissions Overview: Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic October 2004 Jeffrey M. Vukovich, UNC-CH CEP jeff_vukovich@unc.edu

14. North America • NEI 1999 v1 point, area, nonroad and mobile • 1992 Offshore (Gulf of Mexico) point source data • Used BRAVO Mexican 1999 inventory databases available • 1995 Canadian point, area, nonroad and mobile source inventory (source Env. Canada) • Includes point, area/nonroad and onroad sources • Includes continuously emitted volcanos

15. N. America: SMOKE processing • SMOKE-BEIS3 for most of N. America; GEIA biogenic inventory used elsewhere (hourly variation) • Use SMOKE to speciate pollutants for the CB-IV with PM • Performed plume rise on all sources with stack height > 40m using SMOKE and MCIP data • Use SMOKE to temporal allocate using monthly, weekly and diurnal profiles

16. Asian Inventory Input Data • Consisted 10 different anthropogenic components: • Aviation • Biomass burning • Domestic biofuels • Domestic fossil fuels • Industry • Other • Point sources • Power • Shipping • Transportation

17. Asian Inventory Input Data cont’ • Data contains CB-IV with PM species • Assign weekly and hourly profiles based on N. American examples • GEIA used for biogenic emissions for Asia and Pacific including Hawaii and Alaska • Includes steel and iron mills and other “large” pt sources • Volcanoes supplied by Dr. Woo and additional continuous emitting volcanoes from GEIA • Used 16-layer MCIP data to vertically allocate point sources and temporally allocate biogenic emissions • Simple dust model using MCIP data used to generate crude estimates of fine and coarse dust particles (also applied in N. America)

20. Future year scenarios • Two future year scenarios (A1B and B1) generated for year 2030 using projection factors obtained from Dr. Streets. • Gridded projection factors used to multiply 2001 ICAP Trans-Pacific emissions to generate CMAQ-ready emissions for both 2030 scenarios

21. Trans-Atlantic: Europe EI • Consisted 8 different anthropogenic components: • Aviation • Biomass burning • Domestic fuels • Industry • Other • Power • Shipping • Transportation • GEIA used for biogenic emissions for Europe/Asia • Continuous emitting volcanoes from GEIA

23. PM simulation