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Estuaries of Eastern Canada

Estuaries of Eastern Canada. Cultural and Historic Importance. The Location. Sackville,NB. Northumberland Strait. History of the Maritimes: Four Major Distinctions. Earliest Settlers The French The British Post-Confederation (Return of the French). Earliest Settlers: Mi’kmaq and Maliseet.

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Estuaries of Eastern Canada

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  1. Estuaries of Eastern Canada Cultural and Historic Importance

  2. The Location Sackville,NB Northumberland Strait

  3. History of the Maritimes:Four Major Distinctions • Earliest Settlers • The French • The British • Post-Confederation (Return of the French)

  4. Earliest Settlers:Mi’kmaq and Maliseet • More than 7000 years Ago these Native Americans had settlements here. • Summered along the coast (Estuaries) wintered inland.Why? Geological Location allowed for access to N. Umberland Strait Riverine access to inland areas Resources Waterfowl Fishery resources (fish,shellfish, lobsters, wampum etc)

  5. The Acadians:Canada’s First Immigrants (?) • Area (Acadia) was discovered by the French while looking for a passage to Asia • Port Royal (est. 1607) • Economy was based around trade with natives, fishing and farming. • Farming brought about the construction of dikes used to regain land from the sea • Conflicts with French territories (north) and British territories (South) • 1755-1763 “The Great Expulsion” Acadians were expelled to other British Colonies. Many settled in Louisiana (Cajuns)

  6. British Colonialism: • After the Great Expulsion (really after American revolution) • Yorkshire, England > Eastern Canada following the Acadian Expulsion • Used diked lands to produce Hay, rye, oats, hemp, Indian corn, tobacco, and barley • Shipbuilding, logging, and farming were economic drivers in southeastern Canada

  7. Post-Confederation: Economy on the Estuary • Since early 19th Century economy around the estuaries has been mostly based on: • Fishing (finfish, shellfish, crustaceans) • Logging • Agriculture • More recently (including much of the above) : • Pulp/Papermills • Textiles • Oil/Nat. Gas Exploration

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