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Sustainability via Desktop Virtualization

Sustainability via Desktop Virtualization . Trials and Tribulations with VMWare , SunRay and the Sun 7000 Series Storage. Inspiration. Virtual Computing Lab Old Lab space now Offices Desktop Replacement Graduate Students target audience Slow machines (4-5 years old) Not for everyone

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Sustainability via Desktop Virtualization

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  1. Sustainability via Desktop Virtualization Trials and Tribulations with VMWare, SunRay and the Sun 7000 Series Storage

  2. Inspiration • Virtual Computing Lab • Old Lab space now Offices • Desktop Replacement • Graduate Students target audience • Slow machines (4-5 years old) • Not for everyone • Adequate for most ‘everyday’ tasks

  3. Layers • Storage Layer • Sun 7000 series SAN • Network Layer • 1Gbit Switches (10 Gb uplinks) • Virtualization Layer • VMware View 4.0 • VMware View Manager 4.0 • SunRay Layer • SunRay5 (well really 4.2)

  4. Sustainability • Footprint • Electronic Waste • 50 Desktops vs Servers • Power Footprint (sample size 50) • 50x Sunray + 2x Server + SAN = (50x3.9w1) + (2x380w2) + (1x500w3) ~ 1455w • 50x Desktop = 50x(128w – 260w4) ~ 6400w – 13000w • LifeSpan • Server LifeSpanvs Desktop • SunRayLifeSpan (4x a regular computer *according to Oracle) • Management • Easier Upgrade Path • handful of servers vs many desktops • Imaging physical machines vs virtual http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/virtualization/061984.html1 http://solutions.dell.com/DellStarOnline/DCCP.aspx2 http://www.sun.com/calc/storage/disk_systems/unified_storage/7310/3 http://www.dell.com/downloads/global/corporate/environ/comply/precn_t3500.pdf4

  5. Sustainability • Software Cost • VMware View 4.0 • 10 pack license: $1100 • 3 yr support (free upgrades) per 10 pack: $800 • $190/desktop or $63/year

  6. Storage Layer • Sun 7000 Series • ISCSI, NFS, CIFS, FC, IB • Deduplication • Extraordinary capacity savings in this application • Replication • Replicate Important VM’s to a 7110 • Snapshots (instant) • Flash acceleration • Analytics • All baked in (no additional licensing costs) • ISCSI vs FC vs IB… • We opted for ISCSI because of the pricepoint • 2x Dell 6248 with 10GB uplinks - $2000/each • Comparable FC Switch: $4000/ea + HBAs • Comparable IB Switch: $6000/ea + HBAs

  7. Storage Layer • Concept of Clustering • 2 Heads connected together via proprietary ‘heartbeat’ cards • Concept of an “owner” of a resource. • Failover/Failback • ½ the resources on each node in a passive state • 30 Simultaneous VM’s in use (Matlab) • ~35% Memory Usage • 10-25% CPU Usage (spiking up and down) • Peak burst of ~300 MB/sec on the SAN (12 spindles) • Average IOP latency ~70ms • 125GB Hard Disk Space used

  8. Storage Layer • Analytics

  9. Storage Layer • Analytics: • ARC cache hits – 90%+ • Latency becomes an issue under heavy load – 99% of ops below 125ms • Scaling • Single head, 1 shelf keeping up with 50 vms in our environment. • 2nd CPU, Ram (cache) • additional disk shelves (up to 5.5 more) • up to 6x ‘Read Zillas’ per head (100GB read cache each • Utilize 2nd head (active/active) on both trays

  10. Network Layer

  11. Network Layer • 10 Gbit uplinks to SAN • 1 Gbit connections to ESX servers • NIC Teaming • http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/virtual_networking_concepts.pdf • VM networks, Data network, Management Network

  12. Network Layer • VMWare ISCSI vsQLogic • Minimal Resource savings with QLogic • QLogic boot off ISCSI • QLogic dual port card • Each head on a dedicated port • Multiple VMKernels (possible?)

  13. Virtualization Layer • VMWare View 4.0 • Uses VMware VSphere 4 for Virtualization • ‘Enterprise’ license equivalent • VirtualCenter • Central Management of all VM’s • Cloning, Migration, Resource Management

  14. Virtualization Layer • VMware View Server • Manage all View Components • Desktop Pools, Entitlements, Sessions,

  15. Virtualization Layer • VMware Composer • Pools • Automated • Persistent • Dedicate VM’s to each user • Statically assigned when a user logs in • Non-Persistent • Typical “Lab” setup • ‘Deep Freeze’ equiv. – machine deleted after logout • Automated Provisioning • Individual/Manual • Single VM • Terminal Server Connector

  16. Virtualization Layer • VMware View Login outside of sunray • Web Based - https • ActiveX/Java Launcher

  17. Virtualization Layer • Resource Management cont’d • VM Settings • Customized per pool/application • Resource Pools • Reserve resources • Set Limits • Linked Clone Copy • Built in DeDuping (VMWare side not SAN side) • 32 bit OS’s ONLY • Point a Pool to a VM snapshot • Entitlements • Permission to access a given VM or Pool • Synchronized to AD

  18. SunRay Layer • SunRay Server 5.0 • Core Services access to Solaris Sessions • Terminal Server Connector • VMware View Connector • Recommended running on Solaris vs Linux • Kiosk mode • Allows a session to be run without a user actually logging in • Mode used for both VMware View connector and TS connector • Session initiated -> connect to service -> process login session • SSL encryption both up and down • Works flawlessly from home behind NAT • Nearly identical performance to on campus • Solaris acquires the session to VMware/TS and proxies to SunRay. Session exists on Solaris

  19. SunRay Layer • Management is centralized • Key Card Logins • 3rd party AD software required for “card only” logins • Username/Password acquires Kerberos token – bound to card Sunray Side • “Hot Desking” • Login with Key Card • Pulling Key card == Auto logoff • Keycard can be used to resume session at any other Sunray

  20. SunRay Layer • Setup walkthrough • Install Sun/Ray Package – configure • Install View Connector • Connect to web GUI – https://servername:1661 • Enable Kiosk mode – set to Vmware View Manager • Arguments: -s <server> -d <default_domain> • Bootup Sequence • SunRay Powers on • SunRay obtains DHCP address • (optional) Secures a VPN connection • Looks for Option 49 (x-display-manager) from dhcp • Looks for sunray-servers.<dhcp assigned domain> • GUI Pop-Up Menu manual configure

  21. Problems/Difficulties • DHCP • VMware View VM’s not releasing DHCP addresses • Blow through 100 ip’s in an hour with a class • Short (1 hour) lease time now • GPO shutdown script to release? • Registry setting? (98/NT only?) Untested • Initial POC VMware View 3 • Poor performance with ESX 3.5 software initiator and Sun 7000 series • 2-5MB/sec • Increased to ~20MB/sec when we enabled write cache on 7000 series LUNs (not the default!) • Upgrade to ESX4 ISCSI initiator maxes out 1 Gbit connection

  22. Problems/Difficulties • SunRay Incompatibilities • View connector only officially supports View 3.0 • View 4 coming ‘soon’ • No MMR support • No Flash Acceleration • No Windows 7 support (no USB or sound in win7) • Demonstrate performance? • Still ‘adequate’ for most users • 1-Way Audio Stream • No Skype or Teleconferencing • VMware View and 64 bit Servers • Even though View 4 came out in Nov. 2009 they do not support any 64 bit version of windows Server. • Mostly works – until you create replicas

  23. Problems/Difficulties • VMware Management tools • Windows only • Unix/Linux Perl Toolkit (automation?) • NETID authentication • NETID users can login to system • Currently cannot entitle NETID users • View browses/binds to LDAP via machine account • Workaround/override with VMware? • One way trust with NETID • Delegated OU’s? • Script adding users • Currently use python to batch add users to AD • Can share if interested

  24. Problems/Difficulties • Upgrading the SAN • Clustering alleviates a lot of this • Single 7000 series?

  25. Questions? • Chris Henry • chenry3@uw.edu

  26. import win32com,win32com.client import string from random import choice password_size = 6 def add_acct(location,user): ad_obj=win32com.client.GetObject(location) ad_user=ad_obj.Create('user','cn='+user['login']) ad_user.Put('sAMAccountName',user['login']) ad_user.Put('userPrincipalName',user['login']+'@mydomain.com') ad_user.Put('DisplayName',user['first']+' '+user['last']) #fullname ad_user.Put('givenName',user['first']) ad_user.Put('sn',user['last']) ad_user.Put('description','Description of Employee') ad_user.Put('HomeDirectory',r'\\server1\homes\ '[:-1]+user['login']) #user \\server1\homes\<user> for homedirectory ad_user.Put('HomeDrive','H:') ad_user.SetInfo();ad_user.GetInfo() ad_user.AccountDisabled=0 password = ''.join([choice(string.letters + string.digits) for i in range(password_size)]) password = password +'1aB' # append '1aB' to end of password so we're positive it meets complexity requirements print 'user:' + user['login'] + ',password: ' + password ad_user.setpassword(password) ad_user.Put('pwdLastSet',0) #-- force reset of password ad_user.SetInfo()

  27. def main(): user_list = open('C:\Users\username\Desktop\my_user_list.csv') for line in user_list: if line == None: break else: user_info = line.split(',') user={'first':user_info[1].strip(),'last':user_info[0].strip(),'login':user_info[2].strip()} location='LDAP://DC1.example.com/OU=myOU,DC=example,DC=com' add_acct(location,user) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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